Search request: F KW TACTILE SPEECH Search result: 143 citations in the PsycINFO database Display: 1-L LONG ABS 1. Author: Gasquoine, Philip G. Affiliation: Rehabilitation Hosp of South Texas, Psychology Dept, Corpus Christi, US. Title: Alien hand sign. Source: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 1993 Sep, v15 (n5):653-667. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Movement Disorders. Hand (Anatomy). Lateral Dominance. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Behavioral characteristics & co-occurring neurological deficits of alien hand sign & lateralized uncontrolled upper extremity movements, research review. Abstract: Usage of the term "alien hand sign" is reviewed in 20 published cases. It refers to apparently purposeful, upper-extremity movements that the patient reports are beyond his/her control. Lesions were found in medial frontal cortex and/or the corpus callosum; there was a high co-occurrence of speech hesitation, limb dyspraxia, tactile dysnomia, muscle weakness, and grasp reflex on the alien side. Five behavioral manifestations of alien movement have been described, with grasping movements and intermanual conflict being the most common. Two manifestations, exaggerated ataxic automatisms and drifting movements, likely represent other types of movement disorders. Dysfunction of the supplementary motor area and related structures has been implicated. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1994 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 2. Author: Lyxell, Bjorn; Ronnberg, Jerker; Andersson, Jan; Linderoth, Eva. Affiliation: Linkoping U, Sweden. Title: Vibrotactile support: Initial effects on visual speech perception. Source: Scandinavian Audiology, 1993, v22 (n3):179-183. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Stimulation. Lipreading. Deaf. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Vibrotactile support, speech perception & word discrimination & decoding, deaf vs hearing adults. Abstract: Investigated the initial effects of the implementation of vibrotactile support on the individual's speech perception ability. 16 adults with an acquired deafness and 16 adults with normal hearing participated in the study. Results indicate no immediate and direct improvement as a function of the implementation across all speech perception tests. However, when the Subjects were divided into skilled and less skilled groups, based on their performance in the visual condition of each test, the performance of the skilled Subjects deteriorated while that of the less skilled Subjects improved when tactile information was provided in word-discrimination and word-decoding conditions. Intercorrelations between discrimination and decoding tasks suggest that there are similarities between visually and tactilely supported speechreading in how they relate to sentence-based speechreading. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1994 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 3. Author: Singleton, Jennifer. Affiliation: Special Education Resource Facility for Language Disordered Children, Preston, England. Title: Methods of attentional recall used with a group of language-disordered children. Source: Child Language Teaching & Therapy, 1992 Feb, v8 (n1):75-83. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Oral Communication. Visual Stimulation. Tactual Stimulation. Attention. Language Disorders. Primary School Students. Teaching Methods. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Verbal &/vs visual &/vs tactile stimuli, attentional recall, language disordered 5.8-6.9 yr olds. Abstract: Examined various methods of attentional recall used with language disordered children displaying weak attention skills to note the frequency with which the children respond to these methods. A speech therapist acting as a teacher presented 7 recall-to-task stimuli to 3 children (aged 5 yrs 10 mo to 6 yrs 11 mo), using each method 20 consecutive times in turn over the course of 7 wks. The methods used were verbal, visual, tactile, verbal/visual, verbal/tactile, tactile/visual, and verbal/tactile/visual (VTV). The VTV stimulus method was the most successful, achieving a 50% success rate when the Subjects were viewed as a group and individually. It is suggested that the greater success of the VTV method is not surprising because it is a multisensory approach. Results suggest that the children required help (1) to remove their attention from the environmental (or internal) stimuli on which it was fixed and (2) to reset their attention to the task at hand. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1994 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 4. Author: Ronnberg, Jerker. Affiliation: U Linkoping, Sweden. Title: Cognitive characteristics of skilled tactiling: The case of GS. Source: European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1993 Mar, v5 (n1):19-33. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Tactual Perception. Lipreading. Prosody. Cognitive Ability. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Discrimination. Key phrase: Cognitive ability & prosody discrimination skill in visual speech reading using tactiling, 54 yr old deaf male, Sweden, case study. Abstract: Investigated the cognitive characteristics of GS (aged 54 yrs), a person extremely proficient in visual speech-reading with tactile support. His method of "tactiling" involves placing his palm on the speaker's shoulder and his thumb on the neck/collar-bone, enabling him to pick up prosodic elements of speech. Compared with an age-matched control group of 49 hearing-impaired and 69 normal-hearing Subjects, GS can be characterized as having normal short-term memory for simple forms of testing but vastly superior skills for complex working memory function. GS showed excellent verbal inference-making skills and normal access speed in lexical aspects of his long-term memory. It is concluded that when tactiling, GS is endowed with cognitive skills that promote perception of higher-order meaning units, effectively handled in working memory by means of flexible, intelligent guesswork. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1993 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 5. Author: Persellin, Diane C. Affiliation: Trinity U, San Antonio, TX, US. Title: Influence of young children's learning modalities on their pitch matching. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1993 Feb, v76 (n1):313-314. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Visual Stimulation. Auditory Stimulation. Tactual Stimulation. Speech Pitch. Teaching Methods. Kindergarten Students. Elementary School Students. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Child. Adult. Key phrase: Visual vs auditory vs tactile learning modality, voice pitch matching accuracy, K-3rd graders. Abstract: To assess whether the ability to match pitch vocally could be improved through use of learning modalities, 1,201 children in kindergarten through 3rd grade sang a song while responding in 3 learning modalities: visual (seeing high and low visual aids), auditory (hearing high and low pitches), or tactile/kinesthetic (showing high and low with their hands). The 1st-graders using the visual model sang significantly more accurately than did the 1st-graders using either auditory or kinesthetic models. Vocal accuracy with the visual model did not improve after 1st grade. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1993 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 6. Author: Geers, Ann E.; Tobey, Emily. Affiliation: Central Inst for the Deaf, St Louis, MO, US. Title: Effects of cochlear implants and tactile aids on the development of speech production skills in children with profound hearing impairment. Source: Volta Review, 1992 Nov, v94 (n5):135-163. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Prostheses. Cochlea. Hearing Aids. Deaf. Oral Communication. Partially Hearing Impaired. Tactual Perception. Infants. Preschool Age Children. School Age Children. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Cochlear implants vs tactile vs hearing aids, speech production, profoundly hearing impaired 1.7-12.2 yr olds. Abstract: Examined the speech production performance of 6 children (aged 1 yr 8 mo to 12 yrs 2 mo) with profound hearing impairments, using multichannel cochlear implants (CIs), tactile aids (TAs), and hearing aids (HAs). Speech features were elicited under imitative and spontaneous conditions in Subjects who were matched to controls for age and training. Significantly higher performance was observed for the imitation of initial consonants after 1 and 2 yrs' experience with Subjects with CIs and TAs. HA users significantly increased their imitative accuracy for final consonants. CIs aided Subjects in several speech dimensions, and TAs assisted Subjects in acquiring several features of speech. The speech performance of Subjects with HAs improved more slowly and varied more than was the case of Subjects with CIs and TAs. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1993 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 7. Author: Osberger, Mary J.; Maso, Monica; Sam, Leslie K. Affiliation: Indiana U School of Medicine, DeVault Otologic Research Lab, Indianapolis, US. Title: Speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants, tactile aids, or hearing aids. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1993 Feb, v36 (n1):186-203. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Displays. Deaf. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Speech Characteristics. Prostheses. Cochlea. Hearing Aids. Onset (Disorders). Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Cochlear implants vs tactile vs hearing aids, speech intelligibility, children with early vs late onset deafness. Abstract: Speech intelligibility was measured in 31 children who used the 3M/House single-channel implant, the Nucleus 22-Channel Cochlear Implant System, or the Tactaid II+ 2-channel vibrotactile aid. Subjects were divided into subgroups based on age at onset of deafness (early or late). Speech intelligibility of the experimental Subjects was compared to that of 14 children who were profoundly hearing impaired who used conventional hearing aids or no sensory aid. Subjects with early onset of deafness who received their single- or multichannel cochlear implant before age 10 yrs demonstrated the highest speech intelligibility, whereas Subjects who did not receive their device until after age 10 had the poorest speech intelligibility. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1993 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 8. Author: Geers, Ann E.; Moog, Jean S. Affiliation: Central Inst for the Deaf, St Louis, MO, US. Title: The Central Institute for the Deaf cochlear implant study: A progress report. Special Issue: Cochlear implants. Source: Journal of Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology, 1992 Jun, v16 (n2):129-140. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Cochlea. Prostheses. Deaf. Hearing Aids. Speech Perception. Oral Communication. Infants. Preschool Age Children. School Age Children. Language. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Multichannel cochlear implant vs tactile vs hearing aids, speech perception & production & language performance, profoundly hearing impaired 1.7-12.2 yr olds. Abstract: Examined the speech perception, speech production, and language performance of 18 profoundly hearing-impaired children (aged 1 yr 8 mo to 12 yrs 2 mo) using Nucleus 22 multichannel cochlear implants, Tactaid tactile aids, or hearing aids after 1, 2, or 3 yrs of use. Data were taken from a longitudinal study at the Central Institute for the Deaf. Subjects received auditory training as part of their regular school program. The Nucleus 22 implant with intensive auditory and speech training resulted in larger improvements in speech perception, lipreading enhancement, and speech production skills than were observed in matched Subjects with Tactaids or hearing aids. Differences in spoken language acquisition were less clear, with greater improvement in both implant and Tactaid Subjects when compared with the group using the hearing aid. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1993 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 9. Author: Lynch, Michael P.; Eilers, Rebecca E.; Pero, Patricia J. Affiliation: Purdue U, West Lafayette, IN, US. Title: Open-set word identification by an adult with profound hearing impairment: Integration of touch, aided hearing, and speechreading. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1992 Apr, v35 (n2):443-449. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Hearing Aids. Lipreading. Word Recognition. Deaf. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile & hearing aids & speechreading, word identification, deaf 36 yr old female. Abstract: A list was obtained of 735 words that a 36-yr-old woman with a profound hearing impairment failed to identify using any single modality: touch, with either the Tacticon 1600 ((TAN) a multichannel electrocutaneous vocoder) or the Tactaid II ((TAD) a 2-channel vibrotactile aid); aided hearing (AH); or speechreading (SP). To test integration, observed word identification performance in combined-modality conditions was compared with predicted performance calculated from single-modality scores. The Subject integrated speech information across modalities, with highest performance in the SP + TAN + AH and SP + TAD + AH conditions. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 10. Author: Bernstein, Lynne E.; Demorest, Marilyn E.; Coulter, David C.; O'Connell, Michael P. Affiliation: Gallaudet U, Ctr for Auditory & Speech Sciences, Washington, DC, US. Title: "Lipreading sentences with vibrotactile vocoders: Performance of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects": Erratum. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1992 Mar, v91 (n3):1772. References. Language: English. Pub type: Errata. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Lipreading. Vibrators (Apparatus). Medical Therapeutic Devices. Errata. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Lipreading sentences with vibrotactile vocoders, normal vs severely or profoundly hearing impaired 23-41 yr olds, erratum. Abstract: Reports an error in the original article by L. E. Bernstein et al ( Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1991(Dec), Vol 90(6), 2971-2984). A footnote that was erroneously deleted during initial publication is presented. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in PA, Vol 79:28874.) Demonstrated similar transmission of vibrotactile speech information by the Gallaudet University linear (GULIN) vocoder and the Central Institute for the Deaf linear (CIDLIN) and logarithmic (CIDLOG) vocoders, when word-initial and word-final consonants were identified in tactile-only, forced-choice identifications. Significant differences emerged when Subjects performed an open-set TV sentence identification. Only Subjects using the GULIN vocoder achieved significantly enhanced lipreading of sentences. Extraction of information from the CIDLIN and CIDLOG vocoders might require more focused attention that is not possible when Subjects are required to lipread sentences. Subjects were assigned to 1 of the 3 vocoders or to a visual-only control group and included 9 normal-hearing and 4 severely or profoundly hearing-impaired adults. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 11. Author: Cronin, Peter J. Affiliation: Burwood Education Ctr for Blind Children, Melbourne, Vict, Australia. Title: A direct service program for mainstreamed students by a residential school. Source: Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 1992 Feb, v86 (n2):101-104. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mainstreaming (Educational). Skill Learning. Special Education. Blind. Australia. Special Education Students. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Mainstreamed skills development direct service program, blind students, Australia. Abstract: Outlines the Friday Program of an Australian educational center for blind children in which mainstreamed students attend the center for a once-a-month skills development day. The majority of the 18 students are totally blind, and braille is a major communication medium for all but one. Seven students were educated in mainstream settings, and 10 of the remaining 11 spent 1-4 primary-school years in reverse-integration groups before they were mainstreamed. The range of skill-development areas in which the students may be placed are briefly described, and the rationale and mode of service delivery are outlined. The areas include physical development, sports, computer training, tactile graphics training, braille music, home-crafts and living skills, and speech therapy. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 12. Author: Fucci, Donald; Petrosino, Linda; Harris, Daniel; Belch, Marianne; and others. Affiliation: Ohio U, School of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Athens, US. Title: Lingual vibrotactile threshold and suprathreshold responses of normal-speaking Black and White young adults. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1992 Feb, v74 (n1):36-38. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Racial and Ethnic Differences. Vibrotactile Thresholds. Tongue. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Lingual vibrotactile threshold & suprathreshold responses, 19-25 yr old Black vs White females. Abstract: A paradigm for studying oral sensory tactile function through use of single frequency vibration applied to the dorsal surface of the tongue was administered to 10 young Black women (aged 19-22 yrs) and 10 young White women (aged 19-25 yrs). There were no differences between the 2 groups with regard to lingual vibrotactile threshold of sensitivity or suprathreshold magnitude-estimation scaling responses. Results suggest that the dialectical speech patterns associated with individuals of different racial groups is the result of cultural and learning factors. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 13. Author: Bernstein, Lynne E.; Demorest, Marilyn E.; Coulter, David C.; O'Connell, Michael P. Affiliation: Gallaudet U, Ctr for Auditory & Speech Sciences, Washington, DC, US. Title: Lipreading sentences with vibrotactile vocoders: Performance of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1991 Dec, v90 (n6):2971-2984. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Lipreading. Vibrators (Apparatus). Medical Therapeutic Devices. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Lipreading sentences with vibrotactile vocoders, normal hearing vs severely or profoundly hearing impaired 23-41 yr olds. Abstract: Demonstrated similar transmission of vibrotactile speech information by the Gaulladet University linear (GULIN) vocoder and the Central Institute for the Deaf linear (CIDLIN) and logarithmic (CIDLOG) vocoders when word-initial and word-final consonants were identified in tactile-only, forced-choice identifications. Significant differences emerged when Subjects performed an open-set TV sentence identification. Only Subjects using the GULIN vocoder achieved significantly enhanced lipreading of sentences. Extraction of information from the CIDLIN and CIDLOG vocoders might require more focused attention that is not possible when Subjects are required to lipread sentences. Subjects were assigned to 1 of the 3 vocoders or to a visual-only control group and included 9 normal-hearing and 4 severely or profoundly hearing-impaired adults. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 14. Author: Weisenberger, Janet M.; Craig, James C.; Abbott, Grayson D. Affiliation: Ohio State U, Div of Speech & Hearing Science, Columbus, US. Title: Evaluation of a principal-components tactile aid for the hearing-impaired. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1991 Oct, v90 (n4, Pt 1):1944-1957. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Hearing Aids. Tactual Perception. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Development & modification & evaluation of tactile speech perception aid, hearing impaired 20-27 yr olds. Abstract: Describes the development, modification, and evaluation of a tactile speech perception aid implementing principal component analysis techniques. Exp 1 evaluated this device with 15 normal hearing undergraduates using recorded speech stimuli; Exp 2 tested the device with 3 experienced and 3 naive female listeners (aged 20-27 yrs) and used live-voice speech stimuli. A 2-display representation of stimuli showed little or no advantage over a single display, and performance improved with increased separation of the spatial representations of vowels in a modified processing algorithm. This device may have considerable promise as a tactile speech aid for the hearing-impaired, particularly following training. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 15. Author: Moog, Jean S.; Geers, Ann E. Affiliation: Central Inst for the Deaf, St Louis, MO, US. Title: Educational management of children with cochlear implants. Source: American Annals of the Deaf, 1991 Apr, v136 (n2):69-76. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Educational Program Planning. Special Education. Prostheses. Deaf. Cochlea. Students. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Factors in & development of auditory instructional program objectives & activities, deaf students with cochlear implants. Abstract: Classroom teachers are faced with the challenge of developing techniques to work with cochlear implants and to help deaf students benefit from the implants. With the improved technology in hearing aids, tactile aids, and cochlear implants, the number of deaf children who learn to speak and improve the intelligibility of their speech should increase. However, this potential for listening and speaking is likely to be realized only if appropriate and intensive instruction is provided on a daily basis. Discussed are (1) factors to be considered in developing speech perception skills and (2) ways to develop auditory training objectives and activities. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 16. Author: Glozman, Zhanna M.; Goncharov, Oleg A.; Maksimenko, Marina Yu.; Pylayeva, Nataliya M. Affiliation: Moscow State U, Psychology Faculty, USSR. Title: (Dynamics of neuropsychological syndromes after neurosurgery.). Source: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta - Seriya 14: Psikhologiya, 1991 Apr-Jun (n2):18-31. References. Language: Russian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Neuropsychology. Syndromes. Brain Neoplasms. Neurosurgery. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Neuropsychological functions & syndromes, neurosurgical patients with brain tumors, USSR. Abstract: Studied the degree of expression of defects of higher mental function and their dynamics in different mental spheres. Human Subjects: 63 male and female Russian adults (brain tumors) (neurosurgical patients). Neuropsychological testing of the following areas was conducted preoperatively and 3-4 wks postoperatively for all Subjects and again 6-8 mo postoperatively for 10 Subjects: mental work capacity; general characteristics; motor activity; acoustic, object, spatial, and tactile knowledge; speech functions; memory; and intelligence. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 17. Author: Shipitsina, L. M.; Volkova, L. S.; Krutikova, E. G. Affiliation: Leningrad A. I. Herzen State Pedagogic Inst, USSR. Title: (Complex study of memory activity of young schoolchildren with speech disorders.). Source: Defektologiya, 1991 (n2):16-22. References. Language: Russian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Memory. Speech Disorders. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Verbal & visual or tactile stimuli, memory structure & functions, 7-10 yr olds with speech disorders, USSR. Abstract: Studied the structural and functional features of memory. Human Subjects: 48 Russian schoolage children (aged 7-10 yrs) (speech disorders) (1st and 2nd graders at a speech-therapy school); 25 normal Russian schoolage children. A comprehensive neurologic, speech-therapeutic, and psychological study was conducted. Subjects had to memorize 7 objects presented visually or tactilely. Then they memorized 7 unconnected words and were asked to repeat a short story. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 18. Author: Hagerman, Randi J. Affiliation: U Colorado Health Science Ctr, Children's Hosp Child Development Unit, Denver, US. Title: The association between autism and fragile X syndrome. Source: Brain Dysfunction, 1990 Nov-Dec, v3 (n5-6):218-227. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Autism. Frontal Lobe. Sex Linked Hereditary Disorders. Human Sex Differences. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Prevalence of fragile X syndrome & characteristics & frontal lobe deficits, autistic males vs females. Abstract: The fragile X syndrome (FXS) in males presents with a number of autistic features, including poor eye contact, hand-flapping, hand-biting, attentional deficits, tactile defensiveness, perseverative speech, and difficulties with social interactions, although a pervasive lack of relatedness is usually not present. A significant degree of overlap exists between autism and FXS. Approximately 7% of autistic males have the FXS, and preliminary work suggests a similar prevalence in autistic females. Preliminary neuropsychological studies in fragile X females document frontal lobe deficits. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1992 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 19. Author: Bigelow, Ann. Affiliation: St Francis Xavier U, Antigonish, NS, Canada. Title: Relationship between the development of language and thought in young blind children. Source: Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 1990 Oct, v84 (n8):414-419. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Cognitive Development. Object Permanence. Speech Development. Visually Handicapped. Vocabulary. Infants. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Development of object permanence, acquisition & use of early words, blind or visually impaired 1.2-1.4 yr olds. Abstract: Studied the relationship between the development of object permanence (OP) and early words (EWs) in 3 young boys (aged 1 yr 2 mo to 1 yr 5 mo). Two of the boys were totally blind from birth and 1 was severely visually impaired. Auditory and tactile tasks, analogous to traditional visual OP tasks, were presented to the Subjects at monthly intervals, and their 1st 50 words and the context in which the words were said were recorded by their mothers and collected monthly. All 3 Subjects acquired EWs within the age range for sighted children, but their usage of the words was different. The 2 blind Subjects were delayed in their development of OP. The relationship between the acquisition of EWs and the development of OP suggests that the emergence of language is not dependent on a stable understanding of the existence and permanence of objects. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1991 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 20. Author: Iammatteo, Patricia A.; Trombly, Catherine; Luecke, Linda. Affiliation: Stephen Knolls Special School, Preschool Education Program, Kensington, MD, US. Title: The effect of mouth closure on drooling and speech. Source: American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1990 Aug, v44 (n8):686-691. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Cerebral Palsy. Mouth (Anatomy). Salivation. Oral Communication. Feeding Practices. Preschool Age Children. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Feeding program promoting mouth closure, drooling & speech, 2.6 & 2.9 yr old males with cerebral palsy. Abstract: Explored the efficacy of a feeding program to decrease drooling and increase vocalizations by promoting mouth closure in 2 boys (aged 2 yrs 7 mo and 2 yrs 11 mo) with cerebral palsy. Baseline 1 consisted of 5 (Subject 1) and 10 (Subject 2) half-hour sessions during which the Subjects were fed applesauce and apple juice. A 1-hr play session followed, during which saliva was collected on an absorbent bib and weighed. Bilabial vocalizations were recorded and counted. A 12-session intervention phase was identical to the baseline phase except that treatment consisted of techniques to reduce tactile hypersensitivity before feeding and the application of jaw control during feeding. Baseline 2 consisted of 7 sessions identical to Baseline 1. This intervention decreases drooling but does not increase bilabial vocalizations. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1991 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 21. Author: McAtee, Shay; Mack, Wendy. Affiliation: Ayres Clinic, Torrance, CA, US. Title: Relations between Design Copying and other tests of sensory integrative dysfunction: A pilot study. Special Issue: Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests. Source: American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1990 Jul, v44 (n7):596-601. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Nervous System Disorders. Sensorimotor Measures. Neuropsychological Assessment. Learning Disabilities. Behavior Problems. Perceptual Motor Processes. Speech Disorders. School Age Children. Childhood. Preschool Age Children. Occupational Therapy. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Performance on Sensory Integration & Praxis subtests vs Southern California Sensory Integration Tests, 5-8.8 yr olds in occupational therapy for sensory integrative dysfunctions. Abstract: Investigated possible relations between performance on the atypical approach parameters of the Design Copying (DC) subtest of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT) and scores on the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests (SCSIT). Existing data from 32 5-8 yr old children identified by their performance on the SCSIT as having sensory integrative dysfunction were used. Results suggest that the scores on individual SIPT-DC atypical approach parameters may be related to the scores on the SCSIT subtests. Significant relationships were found between some of the SIPT-DC parameters and the SCSIT subtests that assess visual, tactile, and motor components. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1991 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 22. Author: Carney, Arlene E.; Kienle, Marjorie; Miyamoto, Richard T. Affiliation: Boys Town National Inst Research Hosp, Omaha, NE, US. Title: Speech perception with a single-channel cochlear implant: A comparison with a single-channel tactile device. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1990 Jun, v33 (n2):229-237. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Perception. Prostheses. Aged. Aurally Handicapped. Cochlea. Syllables. Vowels. Consonants. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Elderly. Key phrase: Syllable & vowel & consonant perception, postlingually deaf 19-71 yr olds with single channel cochlear implants. Abstract: Administered suprasegmental (SUP) and segmental (SEG) speech perception tasks to 8 postlingually deaf Subjects (aged 19-71 yrs) with single-channel cochlear implants. SUP tasks included the recognition of syllable number and intonation. SEG tasks included the recognition of vowels and consonants in different modalities (e.g., visual only, implant only). Results were compared with those obtained from studies by A. E. Carney (see PA, Vol 76:3690) and Carney and C. R. Beachler (1986) in which artificially deafened adults used a single-channel vibrotactile device. Patterns of responses for SUP and SEG tasks were highly similar for both groups of Subjects, despite differences between Subject sample characteristics. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 23. Author: Maino, Dominick M.; Schlange, Darrell; Maino, Joseph H.; Caden, Brian. Affiliation: Illinois Coll of Optometry, Chicago, US. Title: Ocular anomalies in fragile X syndrome. Source: Journal of the American Optometric Association, 1990 Apr, v61 (n4):316-323. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Vision Disorders. Sex Linked Hereditary Disorders. Siblings. Infants. Preschool Age Children. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Ocular anomalies, 1.3 yr old male & 2 & 4 yr old female siblings with fragile X syndrome. Abstract: Provides an overview of the fragile X syndrome, a common familial cause of mental retardation, and discusses the clinical findings of a family with a 15-mo-old son, a 2-yr-old daughter, and a 4-yr-old daughter with the syndrome. The children exhibited many features commonly associated with fragile X syndrome, including an elongated face, large prominent ears, perseveration, echolalia, delayed speech, developmental motor delays, hyperactivity, tactile defensiveness, and moderate cognitive retardation. Ocular anomalies were also present. Treatment strategies included (1) giving each child the prescription that gave the best visual acuity or the best observed behavioral response and (2) recommendations for fine and gross motor therapy procedures. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 24. Author: Alcantara, Joseph I.; Cowan, R. S.; Blamey, P. J.; Clark, G. M. Affiliation: U Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital Dept of Otolaryngology, Vict, Australia. Title: A comparison of two training strategies for speech recognition with an electrotactile speech processor. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1990 Mar, v33 (n1):195-204. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Teaching Methods. Speech Processing (Mechanical). Speech Perception. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Analytic &/or synthetic training methods, speech recognition, normally hearing 18-24 yr olds. Abstract: Seven normally hearing adults (aged 18-24 yrs) were trained in the use of a multiple-channel speech processor over a 6-mo period, using either analytic plus synthetic or synthetic training methods. Subjects' speech perception abilities were assessed with closed sets of vowels and consonants; open sets of words and sentences; and speech tracking for tactile plus lipreading, tactile, and lipreading conditions. Tests were conducted before, during, and after completion of training. For both training methods, Subjects showed improvements significantly greater than zero in most tests and conditions. However, the only significant difference between training methods was in vowel and consonant tests in the tactile condition. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 25. Author: Proctor, Adele. Affiliation: Northeastern U, Boston, MA, US. Title: Oral language comprehension using hearing aids and tactile aids: Three case studies. Source: Language, Speech, & Hearing Services in Schools, 1990 Jan, v21 (n1):37-48. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Hearing Aids. Vibration. Verbal Comprehension. Speech Therapy. Aurally Handicapped. Preschool Age Children. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Oral language comprehension, prelinguistic profoundly deaf 3.5-4.4 yr olds fitted with vibrotactile communication aid. Abstract: Three prelinguistic, profoundly deaf children (aged 42-53 mo) used a wearable single channel vibrotactile communication aid along with hearing aids for nearly 2 yrs during individual speech and language therapy at school. Results of 2 standardized language tests, the Scales of Early Communication Skills for Hearing Impaired Children and the Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language (TACL), revealed that Subjects showed a faster than average rate of learning to understand spoken language after onset of vibrotactile stimulation. Item analysis of TACL test content showed that, from the 1st to the last test administration, understanding of orally presented vocabulary improved by 27%, morphology improved by 22%, and syntax improved by 6.4%. At least 2 Subjects were able to understand a representative sampling of these components at levels comparable to normal-hearing children of similar ages. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 26. Author: Reed, Charlotte M.; Durlach, Nathaniel I.; Braida, Louis D.; Schultz, Martin C. Affiliation: Massachusetts Inst of Technology, Research Lab of Electronics, Cambridge, US. Title: Analytic study of the Tadoma method: Effects of hand position on segmental speech perception. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1989 Dec, v32 (n4):921-929. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Perception. Deaf. Blind. Tactual Perception. Hand (Anatomy). Aurally Handicapped. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Hand position, segmental speech perception, 42 & 50 yr old deaf & blind users of Tadoma method. Abstract: Investigated the cues involved in the perception of speech segments through the Tadoma method, a means of tactile speech communication in which deaf-blind individuals receive speech by placing a hand on the face and neck of the talker and monitoring actions associated with speech production. Small-set segmental identification experiments were conducted in which the access of 3 deaf-blind, highly experienced users (aged 42 and 50 yrs) of Tadoma to types of articulatory information was systematically varied by imposing limitations on the contact of hand with the face. Results lend support to the notion that various cues available to Tadoma readers provide differential information concerning speech sounds while at the same time being partially redundant. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 27. Author: Busby, P. A.; Tong, Y. C.; Roberts, S. A.; Altidis, P. M.; and others. Affiliation: U Melbourne, Vict, Australia. Title: Results for two children using a multiple-electrode intracochlear implant. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1989 Dec, v86 (n6):2088-2102. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Language Development. Speech Development. Prostheses. School Age Children. Cochlea. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Multiple electrode intracochlear implant, preoperative & postoperative language skills & speech development, hearing impaired 5.4-10.2 yr olds. Abstract: Examined the influence of pre- and postoperative sensory devices on the development of language skills and speech perception and production in 2 hearing-impaired males (aged 5 yrs 5 mo and 10 yrs 2 mo). Measures included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Revised (PPVT--R), the Ingram Edinburgh Articulation Test, and the Reynell Developmental Language Scales. Test results indicate that postoperative performance, using a cochlear implant prosthesis alone, was generally better than preoperative performance, using hearing aids (both Subjects) or a single-channel tactile aid (1 Subject). (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 28. Author: Eremeeva, Valentina D. Affiliation: USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, Inst of Pre-School Education, Moscow, USSR. Title: / Lateralization types in children and neurophysiological foundation of individual ability to learn. Source: Voprosy Psikhologii, 1989 Nov-Dec (n6):128-135. References. Language: Russian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Lateral Dominance. Emotional Responses. Electroencephalography. Speech Development. Childhood. School Age Children. Preschool Age Children. Hand (Anatomy). Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Dominant hand & emotional profile & speech development & EEGs, 2-7 yr olds. Abstract: Determined the dominant hand in various kinds of bimanual activities, determined Subjects' emotional profile, observed speech development, and performed EEGs. Human subjects: 310 normal preschool and schoolage children (aged 2-7 yrs). EEG correlation analysis was performed during tactile perception and recognition of objects with the right hand. The coefficient of interhemispheric asymmetry was calculated. Subjects' galvanic skin responses were measured, and electromyograms were performed to control for Subjects' emotional state and motor activity. (English abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1991 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 29. Author: Tan, Hong Z.; Rabinowitz, William M.; Durlach, Nathaniel I. Affiliation: Massachusetts Inst of Technology, Research Lab of Electronics, Cambridge, US. Title: Analysis of a synthetic Tadoma system as a multidimensional tactile display. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1989 Sep, v86 (n3):981-988. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Articulation (Speech). Medical Therapeutic Devices. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Efficacy of synthetic Tadoma system for tactile monitoring of articulatory process, hearing & sighted graduate students. Abstract: Evaluated performance on the synthetic Tadoma system (C. M. Reed et al, 1985 (used for tactile monitoring of the articulatory process)) via the 4 movement channels of upper lip in-out movement, lower lip in-out movement, lower lip up-down movement, and jaw up-down movement. Three hearing and sighted graduate students took part in discrimination and identification experiments. Results suggest that the performance that can be achieved with the movement systems incorporated into the synthetic Tadoma system was not exceptional. The superior performance of users of natural Tadoma may be due to the direct representation of the articulatory process in the Tadoma method and/or intensive long-term training. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 30. Author: McGarr, Nancy S.; Youdelman, Karen; Head, Janet. Affiliation: City U New York Graduate School & University Ctr, Ctr for Research in Speech & Hearing Sciences, US. Title: Remediation of phonation problems in hearing-impaired children: Speech training and sensory aids. Source: Volta Review, 1989 Sep, v91 (n5):7-17. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Phonology. Speech Therapy. Partially Hearing Impaired. School Age Children. Visual Perception. Tactual Perception. Childhood. Adolescence. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Child. Adolescent. Adult. Key phrase: Visual vs tactile sensory aid in speech production training, phonatory problems, hearing impaired 8-19 yr olds. Abstract: Examined the effects of using either a visual or a tactile sensory aid (SA) in speech production training (SPT) to remediate phonatory problems. 100 hearing-impaired students (aged 8-12 and 15-19 yrs) assigned to either auditory, visual, tactile, or nonintervention control groups completed a speech skills test by H. Levitt et al (in press) before and after 9 mo of SPT. Subjects who received SPT incorporating SAs progressed more in remediating their pitch problems than did controls. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 31. Author: Weisenberger, Janet. Affiliation: Central Inst for the Deaf, St Louis, MO, US. Title: Tactile aids for speech perception and production by hearing-impaired people. Source: Volta Review, 1989 Sep, v91 (n5):79-100. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Stimulation. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Speech Perception. Oral Communication. Deaf. Aurally Handicapped. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Tactile devices, speech perception & production, children with profound hearing impairment. Abstract: Discusses evaluation results of different tactile devices. Perceptual tasks that have been evaluated include simple detection of a stimulus and tracking connected speech. Results suggest that tactile aids, particularly those that use a number of tactile transducers to convey information about the spectral content of the speech signal, can significantly enhance speech perception. Profoundly hearing-impaired children's speech production can be improved through experience using a multichannel tactile aid. Further, such improvements are possible after only a relatively brief training period. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 32. Author: Lynch, Michael P.; Oller, D. Kimbrough; Eilers, Rebecca E. Affiliation: U Miami, Mailman Ctr for Child Development, FL, US. Title: Portable tactile aids for speech perception. Source: Volta Review, 1989 Sep, v91 (n5):113-126. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Displays. Speech Perception. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Partially Hearing Impaired. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Portable tactile aids to speech perception, hearing impaired clients. Abstract: Reviews training, additive benefit, and device comparison studies of experimental use of portable tactile aids (Tactaid II, Tactaid V, Tacticon 1600, Tickle Talker) in speech perception. The promise of tactually received speech information for everyday aural communication by hearing-impaired people also is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 33. Author: Cowan, R. S.; Alcantara, J. I.; Whitford, L. A.; Blamey, P. J.; and others. Affiliation: U Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Vict, Australia. Title: Speech perception studies using a multichannel electrotactile speech processor, residual hearing, and lipreading. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1989 Jun, v85 (n6):2593-2607. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Hearing Disorders. Speech Perception. Lipreading. Tactual Displays. Auditory Perception. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile information & degraded auditory input with vs without lipreading, speech discrimination, 20-27 yr old normal hearing females vs 25 & 30 & 46 yr old hearing impaired males. Abstract: Conducted 3 studies with 4 normal-hearing women (aged 20-27 yrs), trained on an electrotactile speech processor (ETSP), and 3 hearing-impaired (HI) men (aged 25, 30, and 46 yrs) to define the HI population who may be helped by using an ETSP in combination with residual hearing (RH) and lipreading (LR). Information presented through an ETSP provided extra clues for feature recognition of vowels and consonants. With training, Subjects integrated the extra feature information provided by the ETSP with that provided by RH or RH plus LR to improve speech discrimination performance on open-set words, sentences, and speechtracking. ETSP could be useful for patients with no usable RH and for severely to profoundly HI hearing aid users. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 34. Author: Youdelman, Karen; MacEachron, Marian; McGarr, Nancy. Affiliation: NIH Program Project Grant, City U New York Ctr for Research in Speech & Hearing Sciences, US. Title: Using visual and tactile sensory aids to remediate monotone voice in hearing-impaired speakers. Source: Volta Review, 1989 May, v91 (n4):197-207. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Therapy. Visual Displays. Tactual Displays. Partially Hearing Impaired. Deaf. Voice. School Age Children. Childhood. Adolescence. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Child. Adolescent. Adult. Key phrase: Speech training curriculum with vs without visual vs tactile displays, monotone voice, severely to profoundly hearing impaired 7-18 yr olds. Abstract: Extended the research of N. S. McGarr et al (1986) by testing a systematic curriculum for remediating monotonous voice production. Visual and tactile sensory aids were integrated into an ongoing speech training program with 16 hearing-impaired students (aged 7-18 yrs). Subjects were assigned to receive visual display plus curriculum, tactile display plus curriculum (TC), or curriculum only. Results of a pre- and posttraining speech skills test and of teachers' evaluations show that all Subjects evidenced improvement, with TC Subjects showing the most progress. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 35. Author: Bernstein, Lynne E.; Eberhardt, Silvio P.; Demorest, Marilyn E. Affiliation: Gallaudet U, Ctr for Auditory & Speech Sciences, Washington, DC, US. Title: Single-channel vibrotactile supplements to visual perception of intonation and stress. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1989 Jan, v85 (n1):397-405. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Tactual Stimulation. Visual Perception. Oral Communication. Intersensory Processes. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Vibrotactile transformations of sentence intonation & contrastive stress, visual vs visual tactile perception, adults. Abstract: Explored in 2 experiments the effectiveness of a single vibrotactile stimulator to transform and convey intonation (question vs statement) and contrastive stress (on 1 of the 1st 3 words of 4 4- or 5-word sentences) in 6 normal-hearing, normal-vision Subjects. Findings indicate that in the visual-alone vs visual-tactile perception experiment, benefits to speechreading were significant but small, and stress appeared to be more visible than intonation. In the tactile-alone perception experiment, significant differences emerged among the transformations, with larger differences for intonation than for stress judgments. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 36. Author: Blamey, Peter J.; Cowan, R. S.; Alcantara, J. I.; Clark, G. M. Affiliation: U Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Vict, Australia. Title: Phonemic information transmitted by a multichannel electrotactile speech processor. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1988 Dec, v31 (n4):620-629. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Stimulation. Electrical Stimulation. Speech Processing (Mechanical). Speech Perception. Partially Hearing Impaired. Speech Characteristics. Phonemes. Word Recognition. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Wearable electrotactile speech processor for presentation of speech parameters as electrical pulses, phoneme & word recognition, hearing impaired 24-44 yr olds. Abstract: Evaluated the use of a wearable electrotactile speech processor in a study with 7 normally hearing university students and 4 hearing-impaired adults (aged 24-44 yrs). The processor estimated the fundamental frequency, the 2nd-formant frequency, and amplitude of the acoustic speech signal and presented these parameters as a pattern of electrical pulses applied to electrodes positioned over the digital nerve bundles on 1 hand. The device provided useful information for the recognition of phonemes in closed sets of words using tactile information alone. The device also supplemented lipreading to improve the recognition of open-set words. Recognition of duration and 1st- and second-formant frequencies of vowels and recognition of voicing and manner of consonants were improved over recognition with lipreading alone. Recognition of final consonants was improved more than recognition of initial consonants. Results indicate that the device may be useful to both severely and profoundly hearing-impaired people. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 37. Author: Carney, Arlene E. Affiliation: U Illinois, Champaign, US. Title: Vibrotactile perception of segmental features of speech: A comparison of single-channel and multichannel instruments. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1988 Sep, v31 (n3):438-448. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Visual Perception. Verbal Comprehension. Recognition (Learning). Cues. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Waveform envelope cues provided by single channel tactile aid vs spectral cues provided by multichannel tactile device, recognition of segmental speech stimuli, artificially deafened 18-25 yr olds. Abstract: Compared the recognition performance of 12 artificially deafened adult listeners for segmental stimuli presented through a single-channel tactile device and through a 24-channel vocoder. Both consonant and vowel stimuli were tested under visual only, tactile only, and visual + tactile conditions. Results indicate no significant differences between Subjects' overall recognition performance with the 2 devices. In contrast to an earlier study on suprasegmental features by the present author and C. R. Beachler (1986), these results do not support the notion that preservation of the waveform envelope of speech is necessary for the transmission of segmental features of speech. Results also suggest that tactile perception of segmental features may not be altered significantly by the tactile array chosen. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 38. Author: Youdelman, Karen; MacEachron, Marian; Behrman, Marie. Affiliation: City U New York, Ctr for Research in Speech & Hearing Services, US. Title: Visual and tactile sensory aids: Integration into an ongoing speech training program. Source: Volta Review, 1988 May, v90 (n4):197-207. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Therapy. Educational Audiovisual Aids. Tactual Stimulation. Deaf. Teaching Methods. Aurally Handicapped. High School Students. Adolescence. Population terms: Human. Adolescent. Key phrase: Integration of visual & tactile sensory aids in speech training program, profoundly hearing impaired high school students. Abstract: Investigated the integration of visual and tactile sensory aids in a speech training program for 20 profoundly hearing-impaired high school students. A systematic curriculum for remediating inappropriate pitch was administered by 8 speech teachers. Findings indicate that Subjects showed marked improvement in pitch following implementation of the curriculum, with Subjects using the curriculum in conjunction with a visual display showing the most progress. Results suggest that teachers gained experience and confidence in working with pitch problems while becoming more knowledgeable and enthusiastic about the benefits of incorporating visual and tactile sensory aids into daily speech training. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 39. Author: Cantrell, James; Fucci, Donald; Petrosino, Linda; Nance, Rita. Affiliation: Speech, Hearing & Learning Ctr, Greenville, SC, US. Title: A preliminary report of oral tactile sensation and responses to delayed auditory feedback. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1988 Apr, v66 (n2):487-493. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Delayed Feedback. Vibrotactile Thresholds. Oral Communication. Auditory Feedback. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Delayed auditory feedback, oral & tactile sensation, college students. Abstract: 21 undergraduates with normal speech and hearing completed standardized readings under simultaneous and 200-msec delayed auditory feedback. Vibrotactile thresholds were obtained from the tongue and thenar eminence of the right hand for 5 minimally and a group of 5 maximally affected speakers. Analysis showed that vibrotactile thresholds were lower (more sensitive) at both assessment sites for the maximally affected speakers. Results are discussed relative to the role of oral tactile sensitivity in the control of speech under delayed auditory feedback conditions. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 40. Author: Locke, Peggy A.; Mirenda, Pat. Affiliation: U Nebraska, Barkley Memorial Ctr, Lincoln, US. Title: A computer-supported communication approach for a child with severe communication, visual, and cognitive impairments: A case study. Source: AAC: Augmentative & Alternative Communication, 1988 Mar, v4 (n1):15-22. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Medical Therapeutic Devices. Communication Disorders. Vision Disorders. Mentally Retarded. Rehabilitation. School Age Children. Childhood. Interpersonal Communication. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Assessment & instrumental procedures during implementation of augmentative & alternative communication device, 11 yr old male with severe communication & visual & cognitive impairments. Abstract: Describes the assessment and instructional procedures used to introduce an augmentative and alternative communication device to an 11-yr-old boy with severe communication, visual, and cognitive impairments. The device consisted of a computer-supported expanded keyboard that produced synthetic speech output when tactile symbols were activated. A verbal prompt-free strategy was employed to teach the Subject to use the device. Data on instruction and generalization to a classroom are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 41. Author: Belkin, Aron I.; Moscovichute, Lenina I.; Belyaeva, Valentina V.; Adygamov, Marat M. Affiliation: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Ministry of Health, Moscow Scientific Research Inst of Psychiatry, USSR. Title: / Neuropsychological study of cognitive activity in alcoholic patients. Source: Psikologicheskii Zhurnal, 1988 Mar-Apr, v9 (n2):86-96. References. Language: Russian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Neuropsychology. Alcoholism. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Perception. Key phrase: Neuropsychological & perceptual assessment, alcoholic males, USSR. Abstract: Studied the nature and incidence of brain changes. Human subjects: 50 male Russian adults (mean age 34.5 yrs) (Stage 2 alcoholism) (abstinent for 1 mo or less). 50 normal male Russian adults (mean age 32.8 yrs). Tests of higher cortical function were administered. Tactile perception, optical-spatial perception, visual perception and search, speech processes, auditory-speech memory, visual memory, and cerebral organization of mental processes were assessed. (English abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1990 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 42. Author: Robbins, Amy M.; Osberger, Mary J.; Miyamoto, Richard T.; Renshaw, Julia J.; and others. Affiliation: Indiana U School of Medicine, US. Title: Longitudinal study of speech perception by children with cochlear implants and tactile aids: Progress report. Source: Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 1988, v21:11-28. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Perception. Cochlea. Deaf. Hearing Aids. Prostheses. Longitudinal Studies. Childhood. Adolescence. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Child. Adolescent. Adult. Key phrase: Speech perception abilities, profoundly hearing impaired children & adolescents with cochlear implants vs tactile vs hearing aids, longitudinal study. Abstract: Assessed the speech perception abilities of profoundly hearing-impaired children who used either a cochlear implant or tactile aid. The performance of these Subjects who did not benefit from conventional amplification was compared to a 3rd group of Subjects who had residual hearing and used hearing aids. A battery of measures was used to assess a range of speech perception abilities. Initial findings obtained with 12 implant users, 3 tactile aid users, and 1 hearing aid user showed large individual differences among the Subjects with implants. The highest performer was a single-channel implant user who demonstrated closed-set speech recognition. The performance of the 3 users of the tactile aid was uniformly poor. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1989 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 43. Author: Yeudall, Lorne T.; Reddon, John R.; Gill, David M.; Stefanyk, William O. Affiliation: Alberta Hosp Edmonton, Dept of Neuropsychology, Canada. Title: Normative data for the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological tests stratified by age and sex. Source: Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1987 May, v43 (n3):346-367. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Human Sex Differences. Age Differences. Neuropsychological Assessment. Test Norms. Intelligence. Educational Background. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Assessment of Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test scores, healthy 15-40 yr old males vs females. Abstract: Normative data, stratified by age and sex, are presented for the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, which includes the subtests of Name Writing, Speech-Sounds Perception, Trail Making, Halstead Category, Finger Tapping, Dynamometer, Tactual Performance, Seashore Rhythm, Tactile Form Recognition, Finger-Tip Number Writing Perception, Face-Hand, and Finger Localization. Correlations of the test variables with age, education, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised (WAIS--R) Verbal and Performance IQs are reported. The normative sample consisted of 127 male and 98 female 15-40 yr olds who did not report any history of forensic involvement, head injury, neurological insult, prenatal or birth complication, psychiatric problems, or substance abuse. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 44. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Sherrick, Carl. Affiliation: Princeton U, Princeton, NJ, US. Title: Vibrotactile pattern perception: Some findings and applications. Source: IN: The psychology of touch.; Morton A. Heller, William Schiff, Eds. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, Hillsdale, NJ, US. 189-217 of xi, 354 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Vibrotactile Thresholds. Pattern Discrimination. Hearing Aids. Optical Aids. Hearing Disorders. Vision Disorders. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the preface) provides a perceptive account of the current literature in vibrotactile stimulation, an area that has proven extremely useful for communication via the skin; describes the application of vibrotactile stimulators to solve problems posed by visual and/or hearing impairment. (from the chapter) generation and perception of vibratory patterns; the perception of contour and shape by the skin; applications of pattern perception to tactile aids (visual aids: reading devices, visual aids: electronic travel aids (ETAs), auditory aids: sound and speech-analyzing aids). 45. BOOK Author: Garner, Ruth. Affiliation: Reaside Clinic, Head Occupational Therapist, Birmingham, England. Title: Acute head injury: Practical management in rehabilitation. Source: Chapman & Hall; London, England, 1990. xiv, 137 pp. Series: Therapy in practice series, 13. Language: English. Pub type: Guide. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Head Injuries. Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Self Care Skills. Population terms: Human. General terms: Perception. Disorders. Abstract: (from the book) Over the past few years there has been an increase in the number of patients surviving head injury and with this has come a greater understanding of the nature and extent of the problem, although much is yet to be researched. Within the general hospital we are likely to encounter survivors of head injury, mild, moderate and severe, and so we should have the knowledge to deal with the initial problems and prevent further complications.... This guide to practice hopes to cover aspects of head-injury rehabilitation from the time of admission to the time of discharge from inpatient care. In the absence of appropriate resources in this country, the period of time in attending a hospital for treatment, as opposed to attending a suitable rehabilitation centre, may be extended beyond that which one might desire. Alternatively, due to lack of resources and lack of knowledge, many head-injured patients are discharged too early, with hospital personnel failing to realize the burden this places on the family who are left to cope as best they can.... The early treatment of the head-injured patient excludes no-one; therefore this guide is aimed at all disciplines who may come into contact with such patients or their families. Early treatment concentrates on sensory stimulation, facilitation of function, prevention of complications and return to the community. However, the patients' problems do not end at discharge, but, in many instances, only just begin. Attention, therefore, should finally be focused on the psychosocial consequences of head injury which recognize that the primary long-term problems encountered are generally not of a physical nature. Contents: (Abbreviated). Acknowledgements. Foreword. Introduction. Classification of head injury. Course of recovery. Prognostic considerations. Clinical features. The treatment team. Rehabilitation defined. Early intervention. Aims of treatment. Knowing the patient. Evaluation. Family involvement. Environment. Stimulation programme. Activities of daily living. Reality orientation. Therapeutic application of everyday activities. Perception. Assessment. Visuo-perceptual disorders. Visuo-spatial disorders. Tactile perception. Olfactory and gustatory perception. Body scheme. Apraxia. Aspects of physical dysfunction. Positioning. Spasticity. Ataxia. Sensory impairment. Muscular weakness or paralysis. Range of movement. Visual disorders. Hearing. Speech. Epilepsy. Protective helmets. Return to the community. The social worker. Home visiting. Support groups. Psychosocial aspects. Personality change. Behaviour. Effects on the family. Cognitive impairment. References. Index. 46. BOOK, EDITED; CONFERENCE Author: Jeannerod, Marc, ed. Affiliation: U Claude Bernard, Lyon, France. Research sponsors: US Navy Dept Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, US; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Washington, DC, US; International Brain Research Organization, Paris, France. Title: Attention and performance 13: Motor representation and control. Source: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc; Hillsdale, NJ, US, 1990. xxiii, 876 pp. Conference: Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, 13th, Jun-Jul, 1988, Salines Royales, Arc-et-Senans, France. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Attention. Motor Performance. Motor Processes. Perceptual Motor Processes. Professional Meetings and Symposia. Population terms: Human. General terms: Learning. Abstract: (from the preface) The thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance was held at the Salines Royales in Arc-et-Senans (France), on June 27 to July 2, 1988.... This book has been organized into sections in order to provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Following the Association Lecture by Saul Sternberg (Part I), four tutorials on organization principles of motor representations have been grouped in Part II. The other sections deal with initiation of movement and specification of movement parameters (Part III), structure of learned motor patterns (Part IV), sensorimotor transformation and the representation of action coordinates (Part V), sensory-based adjustments (Part VI), and motor learning and development (Part VII). Contents: (Abbreviated). Preface. List of contributors and participants. Group photo. Part I. Association lecture. Hierarchical control in the execution of action sequences: Tests of two invariance properties. Saul Sternberg, Ronald L. Knoll and David L. Turock. (Chapter record available). Part II. Tutorials on the basic organization principles of motor representations. The motor cortical areas and the problem of hierarchies. Mario Wiesendanger. (Chapter record available). Motor programs: Concepts and issues. Steven W. Keele, Asher Cohen and Richard Ivry. (Chapter record available). Programs, schemas, and neural networks for control of hand movements: Beyond the RS framework. Michael A. Arbib. (Chapter record available). Action-perception as a pattern formation process. J. A. S. Kelso, J. D. Del Colle and G. Schoner. (Chapter record available). Part III. Movement initiation and motor output specification in voluntary action. Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in aimed movements: Toward a theory of rapid voluntary action. David E. Meyer, J. E. Keith Smith, Sylvan Kornblum, Richard A. Abrams and Charles E. Wright. (Chapter record available). Neurophysiology of reaching. Apostolos P. Georgopoulos. (Chapter record available). Parallel interacting channels in the initiation and specification of motor response features. Claude Ghez, Wayne Hening and Marco Favilla. (Chapter record available). Generalized motor programs: Reexamining claims of effector independence in writing. Charles E. Wright. (Chapter record available). Constraints for action selection: Overhand versus underhand grips. David A. Rosenbaum, Frank Marchak, Heather Jane Barnes, Jonathan Vaughan, James D. Slotta and Matthew J. Jorgensen. (Chapter record available). Part IV. The structure of motor patterns in learned movements and speech. Common factors in the control of free and constrained movements. Paolo Viviani. (Chapter record available). Rhythmic precision in the performance of piano scales: Motor psychophysics and motor programming. C. L. MacKenzie and D. L. Van Eerd. (Chapter record available). Rapid serial movements: Relation between the planning of sequential structure and effector selection. Andras Semjen and Robert Gottsdanker. (Chapter record available). Phase transitions in speech production and their perceptual consequences. Betty Tuller and J. A. Scott Kelso. (Chapter record available). Acquisition of speech production: Frames, then content. Peter F. MacNeilage and Barbara Davis. (Chapter record available). Part V. Sensorimotor transformation and the representation of action coordinates. Sensorimotor transformations and the kinematics of arm movements in three-dimensional space. John F. Soechting and Carlo A. Terzuolo. (Chapter record available). The geometric and dynamic implications of the coherence constraints in three-dimensional sensorimotor interactions. Jacques Droulez and Christian Darlot. (Chapter record available). Sensory-motor adaptation to high force levels in parabolic flight maneuvers. James R. Lackner. (Chapter record available). Contribution of skeletal and extraocular proprioception to kinaesthetic representation. J. P. Roll, J. C. Gilhodes, R. Roll and J. L. Velay. (Chapter record available). Eye movements to a visual stimulus flashed before, during, or after a saccade. Hitoshi Honda. (Chapter record available). Basic perceptuo-motor dysfunctions in cerebral palsy. David N. Lee, Brigid M. Daniel, Jane Turnbull and Michael L. Cook. (Chapter record available). Joint visual attention, manual pointing, and preverbal communication in human infancy. George Butterworth and Lesley Grover. (Chapter record available). Part VI. The role of sensory-based adjustments in the achievement of the goal. Functional contributions of rapid and automatic sensory-based adjustments to motor output. James H. Abbs and Carolee J. Winstein. (Chapter record available). Gaze saccade orienting and hand pointing are locked to their goal by quick internal loops. Claude Prablanc and Denis Pelisson. (Chapter record available). Tactile afferent signals in the control of precision grip. Roland S. Johansson and Goran Westling. (Chapter record available). Motor representations in deafferented humans: A mechanism for disordered movement performance. Jerome N. Sanes. (Chapter record available). Part VII. Constraints on motor learning and development. A perception-action perspective on the development of manual movements. Claes von Hofsten. (Chapter record available). Units of motor behavior: Modifications with practice and feedback. Douglas E. Young and Richard A. Schmidt. (Chapter record available). Motor learning and the degrees of freedom problem. Michael I. Jordan. (Chapter record available). Gesture learning and apraxia. Pietro Faglioni, Anna Basso, Claudio Botti, Salvatore Aglioti and Christina Saetti. (Chapter record available). Author index. Subject index. 47. BOOK, EDITED; CONFERENCE Author: Rowe, Mark J., ed.; Aitkin, Lindsay, ed. Affiliation: U New South Wales, School of Physiology & Pharmacology, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Title: Information processing in mammalian auditory and tactile systems. Source: Wiley-Liss; New York, NY, US, 1990. xv, 312 pp. Series: Neurology and neurobiology, Vol. 56. Notes: Based on the proceedings of a Boden Conference held in Feb, 1989, in the Snowy Mountains located halfway between Melbourne and Sydney in Australia, under the auspices of the Australian Academy of Science, and sponsored by the Australian Physiological and Pharmacological Society and the Australian Neuroscience Society. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Perception. Tactual Perception. Psychophysics. Sensory Neurons. Neural Development. Neurophysiology. Mammals. Population terms: Animal. Abstract: (from the introduction) The first section starts with Emeritus Professor A. K. McIntyre's "Overview" which provided an introduction to our conference on the form of a brief personal perspective on historical aspects of sensory physiology. Subsequent chapters in this section deal with receptor mechanisms and the signalling of sensory information over primary afferent nerve fibers.... Section II examines central processing, and includes contributions on the transmission characteristics of nuclei in ascending pathways; the transformation in impulse patterning across central synapses for simple and complex vibrotactile stimuli; the projection of tactile information over the thalamo-cortical pathways; the representation of somatic inputs in motor areas of cortex; and chapters on sound localization and some of the comparative mechanisms involved in directional hearing.... The third section addresses issues of development and plasticity in tactile and auditory systems. An analysis of the normal development of thalamo-cortical connections in the somatosensory system is presented, and several chapters present evidence for modifications in the organization and function of both the auditory and tactile systems in response to partial differentiation.... Section IV deals with some of the applications of fundamental research in sensory physiology to problems of deafness and to the analysis of sensory function in the growth-impaired human baby. Contents: Contributors. Introduction (by) Mark Rowe and Lindsay Aitkin. I. Peripheral mechanosensory mechanisms. Overview: Receptor function. A. K. McIntyre. Tactile perception of texture: Peripheral neural correlates. A. W. Goodwin and K. T. John. (Chapter record available). On the origin of the resting discharge in muscle spindles. U. Proske, J. E. Gregory and D. L. Morgan. The search for the morphological basis of mechano-transduction in cochlear hair cells. James O. Pickles, Jutta Brix and Otto Gleich. Mammalian cochlear function. Robert Patuzzi. Primary afferent dynamic ranges and cochlear mechanics. Donald Robertson, Graeme K. Yates and Ian M. Winter. Comparative aspects of cochlear function: Avian mechanisms. K. G. Hill. Functions of the efferent pathways to the mammalian cochlea. R. Rajan. II. Central connections and coding in auditory and tactile systems. Synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system. Bruce Walmsley and Madeleine Jane Nicol. Impulse patterning in central neurons for vibrotactile coding. Mark Rowe. Neural coding of complex tactile vibration. J. W. Morley, J. S. Archer, D. G. Ferrington, M. J. Rowe and A. B. Turman. (Chapter record available). Thalamo-cortical processing of tactile information. S. Ghosh, M. J. Rowe, A. B. Turman and R. M. Vickery. Somato-sensory projections to the motor cortex. Robert Porter. (Chapter record available). Coding for auditory space. Lindsay Aitkin. (Chapter record available). Directional hearing in the Plains-wanderer, Pedionomus torquatus. J. D. Pettigrew and O. N. Larsen. (Chapter record available). III. Development and plasticity in auditory and tactile systems. Reaching and handling: How the brain interacts with the hand. Ian Darian-Smith, Surindar Cheema, Corinna Darian-Smith, Mary Galea and Neil Ratcliffe. (Chapter record available). The capacity for reorganization within spinal somatosensory systems. P. Wilson and P. J. Snow. The capacity for reorganization in adult somatosensory cortex. Michael B. Calford and Rowan Tweedale. Plasticity in cranial somatosensory pathways. Phil M. E. Waite. Reorganization of frequency representation in auditory cortex of guinea pigs with partial unilateral deafness. Dexter R. F. Irvine and Donald Robertson. (Chapter record available). IV. Applied sensory physiology and psychophysics. Multimodal stimulation for speech perception. Peter J. Blamey. (Chapter record available). Temporal and spatial coding in auditory prostheses. R. K. Shepherd. C. L. Maffi, S. Hatsushika, E. Javel, Y. C. Tong and G. M. Clark. Evoked potentials and functional development of the auditory system. Alan G. Pettigrew, David J. Henderson-Smart and Deborah A. Edwards. (Chapter record available). Index. 48. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Blamey, Peter J. Affiliation: U Melbourne, Dept of Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, VICT, Australia. Title: Multimodal stimulation for speech perception. Source: IN: Information processing in mammalian auditory and tactile systems. Neurology and neurobiology, Vol. 56.; Mark J. Rowe, Lindsay Aitkin, Eds. Wiley-Liss, New York, NY, US. 267-280 of xv, 312 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Perception. Simulation. Prostheses. Tactual Perception. Visual Perception. Auditory Perception. Psychophysiology. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the chapter) how much speech information can be detected and recognized through each sense; this depends on the speech processor that transforms the acoustic waveform into the stimulating signals as well as the psychophysical properties of the sensory processes; this paper will begin with a description of an electrotactile speech processor and a comparison of electrotactile and electroauditory psychophysics... the second section of this paper describes an experiment providing evidence that sensory integration occurs at an early stage of processing before recognition of phonemes; the last section assesses the effectiveness of auditory, visual, and tactile contributions, and raises further considerations regarding the learning or plasticity of multimodal speech perception. 49. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Square-Storer, Paula; Hayden, Deborah (Chumpelik). Affiliation: U Toronto, Graduate Dept of Speech Pathology, Toronto, ON, Canada. Title: PROMPT treatment. Source: IN: Acquired apraxia of speech in aphasic adults: Theoretical and clinical issues. Brain damage, behaviour and cognition: Developments in clinical neuropsychology.; Paula Square-Storer, Ed. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, Hove, England. 190-219 of xvii, 294 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Disorders. Speech Therapy. Tactual Stimulation. Cues. Proprioceptors. Kinesthetic Perception. Phonetics. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the chapter) the PROMPT System (Prompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets), is a dynamic tactile method of treatment for motor speech disorders which capitalizes upon touch pressure, kinesthetic, and proprioceptive cues... the purpose of this chapter is to describe the rationale and components of the PROMPT System, and to demonstrate the efficacy of the method by providing preliminary results of single-case research. 50. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Shingledecker, Clark A. Affiliation: NTI Inc, Senior Scientist, Dayton, OH, US. Title: Handicap and human skill. Source: IN: Human skills (2nd ed.). Wiley series on studies in human performance and cognition. (Dennis H. Holding, Ed.),. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England. 249-279 of xiii, 334 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Handicapped. Blind. Deaf. Hearing Aids. Optical Aids. Population terms: Human. General terms: Ability. Abstract: (from the chapter) concerned with the chronic breakdown of skill which occurs when a receptor or effector component of the chain of mechanisms responsible for skill is lost or impaired because of disease, injury, or congenital malformation... motor impairment; motor control; sensory feedback; motor programs and adaptive aiding... sensory impairment; discuss the profound effects of auditory and visual impairment on human performance and examine the skills variables which contribute to the success of attempts to restore skill by the application of sensory aids... deafness; visual speech displays; tactile speech displays... blindness; reading skills; mobility skills; mental effort; aid design. 51. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Freedman, Norbert. Affiliation: Columbia U, Downstate Medical Ctr, New York, NY, US. Research sponsors: US Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, US. Title: Two principles of communicative functioning. Source: IN: The individual, communication, and society: Essays in memory of Gregory Bateson. Studies in emotion and social interaction.; Robert W. Rieber, Ed. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, US; Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme; Paris, France. 279-300 of xiv, 343 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Oral Communication. Gestures. Cognitive Processes. Linguistics. Tactual Stimulation. Self Stimulation. Attention. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the book) reports on over a decade of research into kinetics, that is into the gestural accompaniments of spoken speech; the emphasis is on the integration of various different levels of behavior and their combination into a single overall whole. (from the chapter) principles of communicative functioning; reaching and disengaging; regulating self and object representations; linguistic representation and the regulation of attention... depicted a network of empirical relationships depicting two basic communicative structures; the first is the principle of rhythmic motor actions in the establishment of representation; the second is the principle of repetitive tactile self-stimulation as a condition for information filtering. 52. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Pawlik, G.; Heiss, W.-D. Affiliation: Cologne U Clinics, Max Planck Inst of Neurological Research, Dept of Neurology, Cologne, Federal Republic of Germany. Title: Positron emission tomography and neuropsychological function. Source: IN: Neuropsychological function and brain imaging. Critical issues in neuropsychology.; Erin D. Bigler, Ronald A. Yeo, Eric Turkheimer, Eds. Plenum Press, New York, NY, US. 65-138 of xv, 354 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tomography. Population terms: Human. General terms: Mental Disorders. Methodology. Physiology. Abstract: (from the chapter) methods; principles of PET (positron emission tomography); brain energy metabolism; glucose consumption; oxygen consumption; cerebral blood flow (CBF); PET image analysis... results; normal functional states; resting wakefulness; the effect of normal aging on physiological brain function; sleep; attention and cognition; tactile processing; visual processing; auditory processing; speech; memorizing; clinical syndromes; aphasias and related disorders; amnesias; dementias; disorders of attention, judgment, affect, psychomotor activity, and social behavior. 53. BOOK, EDITED Author: Salvendy, Gavriel, ed. Affiliation: Purdue U, School of Industrial Engineering, NEC Professor of Industrial Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, US. Title: Handbook of human factors. Source: John Wiley & Sons; New York, NY, US, 1987. xxiv, 1874 pp. Language: English. Pub type: Guide. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Human Factors Engineering. Man Machine Systems. Environmental Planning. Safety. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the preface) This handbook is concerned with the role of humans in complex systems, the design of equipment and facilities for human use, and the development of environments for comfort and safety. Thus this handbook provides vital information about the effective design and use of systems requiring the interaction among human, machine (computer), and environment.... As should be apparent from the perusal of the chapters of the handbook, we have made every effort to obtain authors with diverse training and professional affiliations from the United States and other countries throughout the world. Contents: 1. The human factors function. The human factors profession. Julien M. Christensen. (Chapter record available). Systems design, development, and testing. David Meister. (Chapter record available). 2. Human factors fundamentals. Sensation, perception, and systems design. Patrick Foley and Neville Moray. (Chapter record available). Information processing, decision-making, and cognition. Christopher D. Wickens. (Chapter record available). Motivation. Carl Graf Hoyos. (Chapter record available). Learning and forgetting facts and skills. Patrick C. Kyllonen and Earl A. Alluisi. (Chapter record available). Engineering anthropometry. Karl H. E. Kroemer. (Chapter record available). Biomechanics of the human body. Karl H. E. Kroemer. (Chapter record available). Manual control and tracking. James L. Knight, Jr.(Chapter record available). Human error and human reliability. Dwight P. Miller and Alan D. Swain. (Chapter record available). Feedback-control mechanisms of human behavior. Thomas J. Smith and Karl U. Smith. (Chapter record available). Speech communication. R. D. Sorkin and B. H. Kantowitz. (Chapter record available). 3. Functional analysis. Surveys in organizations. Stanley E. Seashore. (Chapter record available). Analytic techniques for function analysis. Kenneth R. Laughery, Sr. and K. Ronald Laughery, Jr.(Chapter record available). Allocation of functions. Barry H. Kantowitz and Robert D. Sorkin. (Chapter record available). Task analysis. Colin G. Drury, Barbara Paramore, Harold P. Van Cott, Susan M. Grey and E. Nigel Corlett. (Chapter record available). Physiological and psychological work load measurement and analysis. Walter Rohmert. (Chapter record available). 4. Job and organization design. Job design. Louis E. Davis and Gerald J. Wacker. (Chapter record available). Participative group techniques. Tapas K. Sen. (Chapter record available). Organizational design. Hal W. Hendrick. (Chapter record available). Design for older people. Arnold M. Small, Sr.(Chapter record available). 5. Equipment and workplace design. Design of visual displays. Martin G. Helander. (Chapter record available). Design of auditory and tactile displays. Robert D. Sorkin. (Chapter record available). Design of controls. Hans-Jorg Bullinger, Peter Kern and Werner F. Muntzinger. (Chapter record available). Biomechanical aspects of workplace design. Don B. Chaffin. (Chapter record available). 6. Environmental Design. Noise. D. M. Jones and D. E. Broadbent. (Chapter record available). Motion and vibration. Donald E. Wasserman. (Chapter record available). Illumination. William H. Cushman and Brian Crist. (Chapter record available). Climate. Frederick H. Rohles and Stephan A. Konz. (Chapter record available). Human engineering for space. Stacy R. Hunt. (Chapter record available). Ergonomic factors in chemical hazard control. Robert W. Mason and Barry L. Johnson. (Chapter record available). Architecture and interior design. John E. Harrigan. (Chapter record available). 7. Design for health and safety. Human factors in occupational injury evaluation and control. Michal J. Smith and Dennis B. Beringer. (Chapter record available). Manual materials handling. M. M. Ayoub, J. L. Selan and B. C. Jiang. (Chapter record available). Work schedules. Donald I. Tepas and Timothy H. Monk. (Chapter record available). Occupational stress. Michael J. Smith. (Chapter record available). The use of safety devices and safety controls at industrial machine work stations. John R. Etherton. (Chapter record available). Personal protective equipment. John B. Moran and Richard M. Ronk. (Chapter record available). Health index. Masamitsu Oshima. (Chapter record available). 8. Design of selection and training systems. Personnel selection. H. G. Osburn. (Chapter record available). Concepts of training. D. H. Holding. (Chapter record available). The relationship of training goals and training systems. Irwin L. Goldstein. (Chapter record available). Computer-assisted and computer-managed instruction. Ray E. Eberts and John F. Brock. (Chapter record available). Training simulators. Ralph E. Flexman and Edward A. Stark. (Chapter record available). Design of job aids and procedure writing. Robert W. Swezey. (Chapter record available). 9. Performance modeling. Decision making. Ward Edwards. (Chapter record available). Artificial intelligence. King-Sun Fu. (Chapter record available). Human factors of computer programming. Mark Weiser and Ben Shneiderman. (Chapter record available). Software interface design. Robert C. Williges, Beverly H. Williges and Jay Elkerton. (Chapter record available). Human factors aspects of manual computer input devices. Joel S. Greenstein and Lynn Y. Arnaut. (Chapter record available). Speech controls and displays. Carol A. Simpson, Michael E. McCauley, Ellen F. Roland, John C. Ruth and Beverly H. Williges. (Chapter record available). Text editors. Teresa L. Roberts. (Chapter record available). Documentation for software systems. Sylvia B. Sheppard. (Chapter record available). 12. Selected applications of human factors in computer systems. Human factors in office automation. Sara J. Czaja. (Chapter record available). Technical and human aspects of computer-aided design (CAD). Woodrow Barfield, Tien-Chien Chang, Ann Majchrzak, Ray Eberts and Gavriel Salvendy. (Chapter record available). Human aspects of robotic systems. Hans-Jorg Bullinger, Volker Korndorfer and Gavriel Salvendy. (Chapter record available). Technical and human aspects of computer-aided manufacturing. Joseph Sharit, Tien-Chien Chang and Gavriel Salvendy. (Chapter record available). Human factors challenges in process control: The case of nuclear power plants. David D. Woods, John F. O'Brien and Lewis F. Hanes. (Chapter record available). Human factors requirements engineering for air traffic control systems. David R. Lenorovitz and Mark D. Phillips. (Chapter record available). Humans, computers, and communications. Koji Kobayashi. (Chapter record available). Author index. Subject index. 54. BOOK CHAPTER Author: Sorkin, Robert D. Affiliation: Purdue U, Dept of Psychological Sciences, Professor, West Lafayette, IN, US. Title: Design of auditory and tactile displays. Source: IN: Handbook of human factors.; Gavriel Salvendy, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, US. 549-576 of xxiv, 1874 pp. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Displays. Human Factors Engineering. Auditory Displays. Tactual Perception. Blind. Population terms: Human. Abstract: (from the chapter) when to use the auditory or visual form of presentation; loudness; pitch; duration... speech message displays... tactile channel sensitivity; tactile channel as a supplementary display channel; tactile channel as a sensory replacement channel; tactile systems for the blind. 55. Author: Maj, Mario. Affiliation: Primo Policlinico Universitario, Clinica Psichiatrica, Naples, Italy. Title: Neuropsychological functioning in schizoaffective disorder, depressed type. Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1986 Nov, v74 (n5):524-528. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Neuropsychological Assessment. Schizophrenia. Affective Disturbances. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Luria Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, assessment of neuropsychological functioning, Subjects with schizoaffective disorder of depressed type. Abstract: Conducted 2 studies involving administration of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) to assess neuropsychological functioning in persons suffering from schizoaffective disorders of the depressed type. Subjects included 82 patients currently or previously fulfilling the Research Diagnostic Criteria by R. L. Spitzer et al (1975) for various schizoid and depressive disorders and 20 Subjects having no personal or family history of psychiatric disorder. The LNNB includes 269 items covering the following function areas: motor, rhythm, tactile, visual, receptive and expressive speech, reading, writing, arithmetic, memory, intellectual processes, pathognomonic, and left and right hemisphere. Results show that, with respect to neuropsychological performance, patients with schizoaffective disorders of the depressed type fall midway between schizophrenics and patients with major depressive disorders. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1988 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 56. Author: Eaton, Muzza; Mitchell-Bonair, Iola L.; Friedmann, Erika. Affiliation: City U New York, Brooklyn Coll. Title: The effect of touch on nutritional intake of chronic organic brain syndrome patients. Source: Journal of Gerontology, 1986 Sep, v41 (n5):611-616. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Physical Contact. Organic Brain Syndromes. Food Intake. Nutrition. Oral Communication. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Gentle touch during verbal encouragement to eat, nutritional intake, 72-96 yr old institutionalized chronic organic brain syndrome patients. Abstract: Evaluated the effect of gentle touch during eating on nutritional intake (NI) of 42 institutionalized chronic organic brain syndrome (COBS) patients (aged 72-96 yrs). Subjects were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups, and NI was evaluated for 3 consecutive weeks. During Weeks 1 and 3, all Subjects were encouraged verbally to eat. In the treatment week, experimental group Subjects were touched gently during the verbal encouragement. Repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) indicated that in the 1st week NI for the groups did not differ, but NI was significantly greater in the experimental than in the control group during the other 2 wks. It is concluded that tactile stimulation may be an important adjunct to verbal encouragement to improve NI in COBS patients. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 57. Author: Chomsky, Carol. Affiliation: Harvard Graduate School of Education. Title: Analytic study of the Tadoma method: Language abilities of three deaf-blind subjects. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1986 Sep, v29 (n3):332-347. 24 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Blind. Verbal Ability. Language Development. Tactual Perception. Nonverbal Communication. Articulation (Speech). Aurally Handicapped. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Speech reading method Tadoma involving tactual monitoring of speaker's articulatory motion, language achievement, deaf-blind 49 yr old female & 54 & 55 yr old males. Abstract: Examined the linguistic abilities of 1 female and 2 male deaf-blind Subjects (aged 49, 55, and 54 yrs) who perceive spoken language through a method of speechreading known as Tadoma, which involves placing a hand on the face of the speaker and monitoring the speaker's articulatory motions. The 2 male Subjects, deaf-blind since infancy, acquired language and learned to speak through this tactile system; the female Subject has used Tadoma since becoming deaf-blind at age 7 yrs. Linguistic knowledge and productive language were analyzed, using standardized tests (e.g., verbal subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised (WISC--R)) and several tests constructed for the present study. Subjects' language abilities prove to be extensive, comparing favorably in many areas with hearing individuals. Results illustrate a relatively minor effect of limited language exposure on eventual language achievement and demonstrate the adequacy of the tactile sense, in these highly trained Tadoma users, for transmitting information about spoken language sufficient to support the development of language and learning to produce speech. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 58. Title: Auditory learning: Introduction. Source: Volta Review, 1986 Sep, v88 (n5):7-17. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Language Development. Strategies. Oral Communication. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Education. Key phrase: Benefits & goals of auditory approach to teaching speech to hearing impaired children, authorities in field of education for hearing impaired. Abstract: 13 recognized authorities in the field of education for the hearing impaired responded to questions on an auditory approach to spoken language development. All respondents were associated in some way with promoting the use of residual hearing as part of the process of teaching speech to hearing impaired children. The use of different sensory modalities (visual and tactile) in the auditory approach is discussed. Four benefits and goals of this approach are cited: (1) maximal use of listening abilities, (2) intelligible spoken language, (3) integration in regular educational settings and mainstream society, and (4) fostering independence. Components of the auditory approach (hearing amplification, learning spoken language through audition, parent involvement, individualized instruction) are reviewed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1988 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 59. Author: Ling, Daniel. Affiliation: U Western Ontario, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, London, Canada. Title: Devices and procedures for auditory learning. Source: Volta Review, 1986 Sep, v88 (n5):19-28. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Partially Hearing Impaired. Language Development. Hearing Aids. Oral Communication. Lipreading. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Assistive devices & rehabilitative procedures, development of spoken language, hearing impaired. Abstract: Presents basic notions related to devices and procedures that can be used to develop optimal levels of spoken language communication for hearing impaired children. Assistive devices (hearing aids, cochlear implants, tactile and visual aids) and rehabilitative procedures (auditory training, speechreading (lipreading), cued speech, improvement of speech production) are reviewed. It is concluded that the most effective means of developing spoken language remains its use in real life communicative situations involving the hearing impaired child and his/her teachers, parents, and speaking peers. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1988 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 60. DISSERTATION Author: Yaros, Patricia S. Affiliation: Wayne State U. Title: The relationship of maternal rhythmic behavior and infant interactional attention. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1986 Jul, v47 (n1-B):136. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mother Child Communication. Attention Span. Eye Fixation. Psychosocial Development. Facial Expressions. Physical Contact. Oral Communication. Childhood. Adulthood. Infants. Population terms: Human. Child. Adult. Key phrase: Maternal facial & vocal & tactile rhythms, infant gaze behavior & attention, mothers & their 5 mo olds. 61. Author: Tyler, Richard S.; and others. Affiliation: U Iowa Hosps, Iowa City. Title: Previous experience as a confounding factor in comparing cochlear-implant processing schemes. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1986 Jun, v29 (n2):282-287. 18 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Apparatus. Aurally Handicapped. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Previous experience with speech processing system, efficacy of cochlear implant processing schemes, 52 yr old female with profound hearing impairment. Abstract: Tested a 52-yr-old profoundly hearing impaired woman with Meniere's disease using the Melbourne multichannel implant with the device set to process sounds in 2 different ways. In the 1st processing scheme, the device functioned normally, extracting information about voicing frequency, amplitude, and 2nd-formant frequency. This information activated the 21-channel device, determining pulse rate, pulse amplitude, and electrode position. In the 2nd processing scheme, a single electrode was activated. This electrode coded overall amplitude and voicing frequency. Subject was tested on an audiovisual test of a 14-choice consonant recognition in the form /iCi/ over a period of over 4 mo, during which Subject used the 21-channel processor outside of the laboratory. Findings reveal that upon initial connection, there was little difference between the results obtained with the 2 schemes when tested in sound alone or in sound plus vision. However, after about 4 mo, scores obtained with the 21-channel processor in sound plus vision were superior to the scores obtained with the 1 channel. This advantage came from a superiority in the features of voicing and nasality but not place. Scores for sound-alone conditions between the 2 processing schemes remained similar for the 4-mo period. It is suggested that studies investigating the relative merits of speech processing systems (including tactile and conventional hearing aids) must consider previous experience as an important factor. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 62. Author: Kirman, Jacob H. Affiliation: City U New York, Queens Coll. Title: Vibrotactile frequency recognition: Forward and backward masking effects. Source: Journal of General Psychology, 1986 Apr, v113 (n2):147-158. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Stimulus Duration. Interstimulus Interval. Auditory Masking. Tactual Perception. Vibration. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Stimulus duration & interstimulus intervals, forward & backward vibrotactile recognition masking tests, graduate students. Abstract: Assessed the limits of a single vibrator display for the communication of information, in particular speech information, by conducting forward and backward vibrotactile recognition masking tests with 4 graduate students, using 240- and 160-Hz targets of 20 msec duration and 4 200-Hz masks at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) ranging from -500 to 500 msec. Data are consistent with a 3-factor analysis of tactile recognition masking. Both short masks produced more masking only at very short ISIs, and longer mask durations increased backward but not forward masking. It is suggested that in addition to energic masking (presumably peripheral) and confusion masking, a 3rd masking process (correlated with mask duration) was at work. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 63. Author: Grossi, D.; Fontanella, G.; Fragassi, N. A.; Orsini, A. Affiliation: U degli Studi, Clinica Neurologica II Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Naples, Italy. Title: Alternative strategy for reading aloud: A case report. Source: Acta Neurologica, 1986 Feb, v8 (n1):36-44. 8 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Aphasia. Neuropsychology. Reading Ability. Cognitive Rehabilitation. Speech Characteristics. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Neuropsychological assessment & reading strategy comprised of letter-by-letter presentation & visual or tactile reinforcement & graphic output, ability to read aloud, 25 yr old male with Wernicke's aphasia. Abstract: Reports a neuropsychological investigation of a 25-yr-old right-handed male affected by a severe difficulty in speech understanding and expression. It was demonstrated that internal representation of the word system was intact and that access to it by acoustic routes was impaired, while the visual access was relatively spared. The Subject's speech expression defect was due to an impairment in selecting sounds, evident also in reading aloud. An alternative strategy, based on integrity of word representations, was devised through which the Subject could bypass the impaired process by avoiding the automatic grapheme-phoneme correspondence. (Italian abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 64. Author: Moses, James A. Affiliation: Palo Alto VA Medical Ctr, Psychology Service, CA. Title: Factor analysis of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery by sensorimotor, speech, and conceptual item bands. Source: International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1986, v8 (n1):26-35. 5 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Neuropsychological Assessment. Factor Analysis. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Factor analysis of Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery by sensorimotor & speech & conceptual item bands, VA medical center patients. Abstract: The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) was divided into 3 theoretically homogenous bands of items consisting of the Motor, Rhythm, Tactile, and Visual Scales (sensorimotor band); the Receptive Speech, Expressive Speech, Writing, and Reading Scales (speech band); and the Arithmetic, Memory, and Intellectual Processes Scales (conceptual band). Data from 1,421 cases administered the LNNB at a Veteran's Administration medical center show that the internal consistency of the LNNB item pool as a whole and the 3 item bands were high. Factor analyses were consistent with previous published scalewise solutions. Findings support Lurian theory and the construct validity of the LNNB. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 65. Author: Andersen, Peter A.; Sull, Karen K. Affiliation: California State U, Long Beach, US. Title: Out of touch, out of reach: Tactile predispositions as predictors of interpersonal distance. Source: Western Journal of Speech Communication, 1985 Winter, v49 (n1):57-72. References. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Physical Contact. Speech Anxiety. Interpersonal Attraction. Personal Space. Physical Attractiveness. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Touch avoidance predisposition & receiver apprehension & physical attraction, interpersonal distance in interview, college students. Abstract: Examined the effects of touch avoidance (i.e., a person's general predisposition to approach or avoid tactile communication) on interpersonal distance using 48 undergraduates. The combined effects of touch avoidance, receiver apprehension, and physical attraction on interpersonal distance were also examined in a series of multiple regression models. The models accounted for 27-99% of the variance in interpersonal distance. Data demonstrate that communication predispositions are reasonably good predictors of interpersonal behavior. It is suggested that attitudes toward communication, and particularly touch, determine the spatial intimacy of communication encounters. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1988 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 66. Author: Collins, M. Jane; Hurtig, Richard R. Affiliation: Louisiana State U Speech & Hearing Clinic, Baton Rouge. Title: Categorical perception of speech sounds via the tactile mode. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1985 Dec, v28 (n4):594-598. 12 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Discrimination. Tactual Perception. Speech Characteristics. Lipreading. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Categorical discrimination & tactile vs auditory perception of synthetic syllables presented along voice onset time continuum, 22-43 yr olds, implications for tactile aids to lipreading. Abstract: Used a categorical perception paradigm to evaluate the tactile perception of speech sounds of 4 normal-hearing adults (aged 22-43 yrs) in comparison with their auditory perception. Results show that speech signals delivered by tactile stimulation was categorically perceived on a voice-onset time (VOT) continuum. The boundary for the voiced-voiceless distinction fell at longer VOTs for tactile than for auditory perception. It is concluded that the procedure is useful for determining characteristics of tactile perception and for prosthesis evaluation. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 67. Author: Friedman, Meryl. Affiliation: City U New York, Graduate School & University Ctr, Ctr for Research in Speech & Hearing Sciences. Title: Remediation of intonation contours of hearing-impaired students. Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, 1985 Aug, v18 (n4):259-272. 23 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Therapy. Speech Characteristics. Computer Assisted Instruction. Partially Hearing Impaired. Junior High School Students. High School Students. Special Education Students. Adolescence. Population terms: Human. Adolescent. Key phrase: Computer-based speech training sequence with visual or tactile aids, remediation of intonation contours, 14 & 17 & 18 yr old students with congenital severe-to-profound hearing loss. Abstract: Examined whether a program that incorporates both a hierarchical speech-training sequence and visual or tactile aids as part of a computer-based system would be effective in the remediation of incorrect intonation contours produced by hearing-impaired children. Three students (aged 14, 17, and 18 yrs) with a congenital severe-to-profound hearing loss participated in the program. The displays were interfaced with a microprocessor, thus allowing regular collection of data and monitoring of the program's effectiveness. Implementation of the systematic curriculum with the use of the sensory aids resulted in improved performance in Subjects' phonation skills. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 68. DISSERTATION Author: Brooks, Patricia L. Affiliation: Queen's U, Kingston, Canada. Title: Comprehension of speech by profoundly deaf and normal-hearing subjects using the Queen's University tactile vocoder. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1985 May, v45 (n11-B):3644-3645. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Listening Comprehension. Deaf. Vibrators (Apparatus). Adolescents. Adolescence. Population terms: Human. Adolescent. Key phrase: Tactile vocoder, speech comprehension, deaf adolescents. 69. Author: Fucci, Donald; Petrosino, Linda; Gorman, Peter; Harris, Daniel. Affiliation: Ohio U, School of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Athens. Title: Vibrotactile magnitude production scaling: A method for studying sensory-perceptual responses of stutterers and fluent speakers. Source: Journal of Fluency Disorders, 1985 Mar, v10 (n1):69-75. 16 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Stuttering. Vibrotactile Thresholds. Tactual Perception. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Vibrotactile magnitude production scaling method, measurement of tactile sensory-perceptual integrity, adult stutterers vs fluent speakers. Abstract: Conducted an experiment that used the method of vibrotactile magnitude production scaling to determine the tactile sensory-perceptual integrity for the dorsum of the tongue and thenar eminence of the right hand for 10 fluent speakers (mean age 19 yrs) and 10 stutterers. Findings indicate that both groups performed the task in a similar manner for the thenar eminence of the hand (a nonoral structure) but in a dissimilar manner for the tongue (an oral structure). From these data, it is suggested that the stutterers may maintain a different internal sensory-perceptual process for the tactile system involved in the speech process. The possibility exists that stuttering, for some, may be an internal disorder of the tactile-proprioceptive feedback mechanism that is directly involved in speech production. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 70. Author: Pickett, J. M.; McFarland, William. Affiliation: Gallaudet Coll, Sensory Communication Research Lab. Title: Auditory implants and tactile aids for the profoundly deaf. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1985 Mar, v28 (n1):134-150. Language: English. Pub type: Literature Review; Review. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Hearing Aids. Speech Perception. Literature Review. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Multi- vs single-channel auditory implants vs tactile aids, speech perception, profoundly deaf, literature review. Abstract: Reviews data on speech perception via implanted electrodes and via tactile aids. The 2 approaches are compared in terms of amount and types of aid provided to communication. The diversity of the test methods and Subjects used in implant vs tactile research precludes definitive comparisons of speech perception performance. However, it appears that neither approach can provide more than a modest aid to lipreading. Speech reception test results from multichannel-implanted Subjects are better, on the average, than for single-channel Subjects. However, the best single-channel results are comparable to the best multichannel in tests using simple sentences. There is great variation among Subjects with the same implant. Tactile aid performance by highly practiced Subjects seems comparable to that of the better implant Subjects. (3 p ref) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 71. Author: Verlaeten, Michele. Affiliation: Free U of Brussels, Belgium. Title: Approche de la communication entre enfants deficients auditifs et enfants entendants lors d'activites libres en classe maternelle. (An approach to communication between normal-hearing and deficient-hearing children during free activities in pre-primary school classes.). Source: Revue Belge de Psychologie et de Pedagogie, 1985 Mar, v47 (n189):27-33. 4 references. Language: French. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Communication Skills. Deaf. Interpersonal Communication. Preschool Age Children. Aurally Handicapped. Mainstreaming (Educational). School Age Children. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Interactive communication behaviors, hearing impaired vs hearing 2-6 yr olds. Abstract: Examined communication between 15 hearing impaired 2-6 yr olds who used French sign-language and cued speech and 15 hearing peers. Subjects' behavior and communication were observed and categorized. ANOVA revealed that deaf Subjects used more tactile and visual forms of communication and produced more symbolic gestures and demands for attention than did hearing Subjects. Deaf Subjects were also rated higher on indirect aggression, motor behavior without bodily contact, and the expression of menace and symbolic aggression. It is concluded that the integration of deaf Subjects was not entirely successful because communication problems greatly hampered their acceptance and because the hearing Subjects had not been trained to understand or accept them. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 72. Author: Yaroshevsky, M. G. Title: / On the role of L. S. Vygotsky's defectology studies for the development of his general psychology conception. Source: Defektologiya, 1985 (n6):78-84. 5 references. Language: Russian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Physically Handicapped. Mentally Retarded. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. General terms: Theories. Key phrase: Theories & major works of L. S. Vygotsky on physically & mentally handicapped children, USSR. Abstract: Reviews the theories and major works of 1 of the founders of Soviet psychology--L. S. Vygotsky--with emphasis on the study of physically and mentally impaired children. The role of cognition as a problem of behavioral psychology was illustrated 1st by the development of speech in deaf-mutes and the development of tactile sensations in blind children. Application of the Pavlovian theory of reflexes to the study of handicapped children confirmed the notion that cognition connects one system of reflexes (motor, somatic, and imitative) with another (speech). In analyzing the behavior of abnormal children, Vygotsky saw that their defect has a dual nature: inhibition and activation of a function (defect-supercompensation). The social assistance given to handicapped children has a significant effect on their mental development. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 73. Author: Sims, Donald G.; Kopra, Lennart L.; Dunlop, Robert J.; Kopra, Martha A. Affiliation: Rochester Inst of Technology, National Technical Inst for the Deaf. Title: A survey of microcomputer applications in aural rehabilitation. Source: Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 1985, v18:9-26. 55 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Computer Applications. Computer Assisted Instruction. Videotape Instruction. Hearing Disorders. Rehabilitation. Aurally Handicapped. Microcomputers. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Computer managed & assisted instruction & interactive video, microcomputer applications in aural rehabilitation. Abstract: Discusses the scope of computer-based education (CBE) and its application to aural rehabilitation, highlighting applications that incorporate computer-assisted interactive video (CAIV). Three types of CBE in aural rehabilitation are described: (a) computer-managed instruction, (b) computer-assisted instruction, and (c) CAIV. Computer-assisted instruction provides direct instruction with feedback to learners and may supplement classroom instruction. It may be used for drill in auditory training and speechreading, tactile speech perception training, articulation, problem solving, and simulations such as job interviews. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 74. Author: Jaroma, Marjatta; Danner, P.; Koivuniemi, E. Affiliation: University Central Hosp, Ear, Nose & Throat Clinic, Kuopio, Finland. Title: Sensory integrative therapy and speech therapy for improving the perceptual motor skills and speech articulation of a dyspractic boy. Source: Folia Phoniatrica, 1984 Nov-Dec, v36 (n6):261-266. 17 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Therapy. Perceptual Motor Processes. Apraxia. School Age Children. Case Report. Childhood. Population terms: Human. Child. General terms: Treatment. Key phrase: Sensory integrative & speech therapy, perceptual motor skills & speech articulation, 6 yr old male with vestibular & tactile & clinically based dyspraxia. Abstract: Describes the effect of 4 wks of sensory integrative therapy combined with speech therapy in a 6-yr-old boy with vestibular- and tactile-based dyspraxia and clinically based developmental dyspraxia. In posttreatment testing, the Subject showed definite gains on visual perception tests and appeared to feel better about himself and to be better able to make social contacts with new people. In psychological evaluation, his attention span was shorter than expected for his age but was better than a year earlier. (German & French abstracts) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 75. Author: Smith, Lars; Hagen, Vivi. Affiliation: U Oslo Inst of Psychology, Norway. Title: Relationship between the home environment and sensorimotor development of Down syndrome and nonretarded infants. Source: American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1984 Sep, v89 (n2):124-130. 22 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Home Environment. Downs Syndrome. Perceptual Development. Motor Development. Mother Child Relations. Childhood. Infants. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Home environment, sensorimotor development, 6.5-24 mo old nonretarded vs Down's syndrome infants. Abstract: 13 Down's syndrome (DS) and 19 nonretarded 6.5-24 mo old infants were studied to investigate the effect of Subjects' home environment on sensorimotor development as assessed by infant tests and direct observation of behavior. Home observations were conducted when Subjects were 6.5 and 17 mo old. Results show that the 2 groups did not differ on measures of the social environment obtained at 6.5 mo but differed on such measures at 17 mo. At 6.5 mo, the amount of tactile stimulation, encouragement of postural control, and level of social stimulation were related to concurrent test performance in both groups; characteristics of the inanimate environment were of longer-term predictive significance among DS Subjects. At 17 mo, mothers' referential speech was related to the developmental pattern from 6.5 to 24 mo for DS Subjects. DS Subjects tended to explore objects as a solitary activity, whereas exploration was done within interactional situations by nonretarded Subjects. An attempt at multiple prediction demonstrated the usefulness of an interactional approach, showing the joint predictive value of language behavior and mothers' referential speech. Slowness of development among DS children is discussed as a factor producing changes in maternal behavior. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 76. Author: Fucci, Donald; Petrosino, Linda. Affiliation: Ohio U, School of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Athens. Title: Cutaneous temporal resolution values for "sophisticated" and "naive" subjects. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1984 Jun, v58 (n3):831-834. 13 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Vibrotactile Thresholds. Familiarity. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Cutaneous resolution values at tongue & thenar eminence, experienced vs naive 19-31 yr olds. Abstract: Obtained temporal resolution values for the tactile sensory modality at 2 loci (the tongue and the thenar eminence of the right hand) using a 2-pulse mechanical stimulus with 2 groups of 11 females each. The sophisticated group (Group 1) consisted of 22-31 yr old graduate students in speech pathology and audiology. The naive group (Group 2) consisted of 19-22 yr old undergraduates. Analysis showed that both the tongue and hand responded similarly to the fusion task but that Group 1 Subjects showed more acute fusion thresholds for both the tongue and thenar eminence. It is concluded that fusion thresholds are different for experienced and naive Subjects and that careful selection of Subjects and training can lead to responses that are more consistent and more representative of the temporal resolution process than is characteristic of the particular sensory modality being studied. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 77. Author: Scott, Sheila; Caird, F. I. Affiliation: Southern General Hosp, University Dept of Geriatric Medicine, Glasgow, Scotland. Title: The response of the apparent receptive speech disorder of Parkinson's disease to speech therapy. Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 1984 Mar, v47 (n3):302-304. 9 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Therapy. Parkinsons Disease. Speech Disorders. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Prosodic speech therapy, speech, 49-83 yr olds with Parkinson's disease. Abstract: Tested 11 49-83 yr old Subjects with Parkinson's disease for prosodic abnormality and used 7 measures of appreciation of prosodic contrasts, of facial expression, and production of the prosodic features of speech. Tests were repeated after 2 wks without speech therapy, and results were essentially the same. Two weeks of intensive prosodic therapy was given in Subjects' homes before they were tested again. Results show that the prosodic abnormality score improved, as did 3 of 4 tests of recognition of prosodic features of speech and facial expression and tests of production (of angry and questioning forms). Although the apparent receptive disorder of speech in Parkinson's disease is unexplained, it responds to therapy. It is suggested that a receptive disorder of speech improves when visual, auditory, and tactile feedback mechanisms are improved by therapy, enabling the Subject to monitor his/her own speech. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 78. Author: Hrbek, Jan; and others. Affiliation: Palacky U, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia. Title: Acute effect of ethanol (0.5 g/kg) on the process of learning in the course of one hour. Source: Activitas Nervosa Superior, 1984, v26 (n4):262-263. 2 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Ethanol. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Learning. Key phrase: Ethanol, learning of optic & tactile & acoustic tasks, 22 yr olds. Abstract: Used an artificial speech method to test the effects of ethanol on 2 optic, 2 complex tactile, and 2 acoustic tasks. 16 Subjects (aged 22 yrs) received either 0.5 g/kg ethanol or placebo and were tested either 10, 30, and 50 or 20, 40, and 60 min after administration. Results show that all indices of learning were impaired following administration of ethanol. The most significant effects were obtained in the interval 20-40 min after administration. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1986 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 79. Author: Dorman, Casey; Hurley, Anne D.; Laatsch, Linda. Affiliation: Massachusetts Hosp School, Canton. Title: Prediction of spelling and reading performance in cerebral palsied adolescents using neuropsychological tests. Source: International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1984, v6 (n2):142-144. 20 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Cerebral Palsy. Neuropsychological Assessment. Reading Achievement. Spelling. Predictive Validity. Adolescence. Population terms: Human. Adolescent. Key phrase: Neuropsychological assessment, prediction of spelling & reading performance, 13-19 yr olds with severe motor impairment due to cerebral palsy. Abstract: Administered the verbal sections of the WISC--R or the WAIS, the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, and the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) to 25 13-19 yr olds, who had severe motor impairment because of cerebral palsy, to determine the effect of eliminating the motor component of test batteries on discovering neuropsychological correlates. Scores were obtained on right and left motor and tactile function, visual and visual-spatial ability, receptive and expressive speech, rhythm and pitch perception, and simple tactile sensation. These scores were used with a Verbal Conceptual factor and a Digit Span factor from the Wechsler scales to predict reading and spelling scores on the WRAT. Results show that the Rhythm factor and items measuring perception of rapid auditory signals were most predictive of both academic skills. It is suggested that auditory perception underlies much of the ability to read in this group. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1984 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 80. DISSERTATION Author: Diener, Don C. Affiliation: U Missouri, Columbia. Title: Waveform-envelope and frequency cues in the tactile perception of speech. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1983 Jun, v43 (n12-B):4176. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Displays. Tactual Perception. Speech Perception. Lipreading. Cues. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile representations of speech having waveform-envelope information &/vs frequency information, facilitation of lipreading, artificially-deafened normal-hearing Subjects. 81. Author: Green, Barry G.; Craig, James C.; Pisoni, David B. Affiliation: Indiana U, Bloomington. Title: Vibrotactile communication of information about consonants: Vowels mask consonants. Source: Perception & Psychophysics, 1983 Jun, v33 (n6):507-515. 23 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Consonants. Speech Perception. Tactual Displays. Tactual Perception. Adulthood. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Vibrotactile spectral display of consonant-initial CV syllables, tactual perception of consonants, college-aged Subjects. Abstract: Four normal-hearing, college-aged Subjects participated in 3 experiments measuring the perception of consonants in consonant-initial (CV) syllables using a vibrotactile spectral display. The display coded acoustic frequency and intensity on the 24 * 6 vibrotactile matrix of an Optacon transducer. Exp I found that for consonants spoken in the context of //, Subjects could correctly identify 8 consonants only about 60% of the time. Exp II revealed similarly poor performance when Subjects tried to identify a set of CV syllables in which the consonants differed only in their places of articulation. Exp III showed that place of articulation could be distinguished much more reliably when the vowel following the consonant was shortened, thereby reducing backward masking. Display modifications that might improve the tactile perception of consonants by reducing temporal masking are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1984 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 82. Author: Nolan, Daniel R.; Hammeke, Thomas A.; Barkley, Russell A. Affiliation: Bowling Green State U. Title: A comparison of the patterns of the neuropsychological performance in two groups of learning disabled children. Source: Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 1983 Spring, v12 (n1):22-27. 24 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Learning Disabilities. Neuropsychological Assessment. Mathematics Achievement. Reading Achievement. Spelling. School Age Children. Adolescents. Population terms: Human. Child. Adolescent. Key phrase: Neuropsychological profiles, learning disabled 7-13 yr olds with deficiencies in reading & spelling vs math. Abstract: Examined the neuropsychological profiles of 36 7-13 yr old learning-disabled children (IQs above 80) using the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB). Subjects were selected on the basis of their performance on the Wide Range Achievement Test: normal controls, Subjects deficient in reading and spelling only, and Subjects deficient in math only. All were tested using the WISC-R, LNNB, and several tests of tactile perception from the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children. The pattern or profile of scores on the WISC-R did not differentiate among the groups, contrary to previous research. The expressive speech, writing, and reading scales of the LNNB differentiated the poor reading/spelling group from the other groups but did not differentiate the group deficient only in math. Tactile perception tests also failed to distinguish among the groups. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1983 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 83. Author: Mare, Valeriu. Affiliation: U "Babes-Bolyai" Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Title: Aspecte psihologice ale compensarii surditatii: I. Premise neuropsihologice ale formarii sistemului verbal la copiii surzi. (Psychological aspects of compensating for deafness: I. Neuropsychological premise of the formation of the verbal system in deaf children.). Source: Revista de Psihologie, 1983 Jan-Mar, v29 (n1):18-26. Language: Romanian. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Development. Psycholinguistics. Neuropsychology. Children. Aurally Handicapped. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Neuropsychological & psycholinguistic mechanisms in elaboration & development of verbal language, deaf children. Abstract: Examines the bases of the elaboration and development of verbal language in deaf children, with emphasis on general psycholinguistic mechanisms. Total compensation for deafness in children is possible due to the involvement of 2 principles in the verbal system functioning: (1) the interchangeability (reciprocal substitution) of the receptors and effects involved in the reception and emission of different verbal signals (e.g., acoustic, optical, tactile); and (2) the relative "invariance" of internal (cerebral) linguistic structures left intact in deaf Subjects. A schematic drawing of the receptor-effector system is included. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1987 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 84. Author: Josse, Denise; Robin, Monique. Affiliation: CNRS, INSERM Unit 187, Clamart, France. Title: A propos du contenu du langage maternal. (Discourse on the contents of maternal language.). Source: Psychiatrie de l'Enfant, 1983, v26 (n1):99-140. 15 references. Language: French. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mother Child Communication. Mothers. Childhood. Adulthood. Neonates. Infants. Population terms: Human. Child. Adult. Key phrase: Communication modalities, mothers & their infants from birth to 9 mo. Abstract: Analyzes from a genetic perspective the different modalities of adult-child exchanges in 2 groups: one group in the maternity ward and followed at home from birth to 3 mo, and the other observed in daycare from 3 to 9 mo. Findings show the existence of periods of synchronization or dyssynchronization during which the 2 partners succeeded or failed in entering into interaction through mimicry, looks, tactile bodily contacts, or verbal contacts. The contents of maternal speech were not derived at random, no matter what the semantic register, and the evolution of accessible themes was paralleled by the appearance of lexical and syntactic formulations. All of these elements constitute indicators of the mother's emerging sense of the child's identity. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1985 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 85. Author: Waldron, Manjula B. Affiliation: Ohio State U, Coll of Engineering, Columbus. Title: Identification of nonlinear controls in a developmental model of motor speech in hearing and deaf children. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1982 Feb, v54 (n1):3-10. 54 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Development. Models. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Nonlinear controls in model of motor speech development, congenitally profoundly deaf vs hearing children. Abstract: Develops a quantitative model for speech development from observations of 2 systems--one of normal hearing children and the other of the congenitally profoundly deaf. Comparison of the 2 systems provides clues to the type of controls needed to produce normal speech. The possible nonlinear controls that may be used during the development of both the suprasegmental and segmental aspects of speech are identified. The linguistic components of speech are ignored. The interdependence of perceptual systems during developmental phases is taken into account, and the importance of the associative cortex in speech-motor control is formulated. It is suggested that the deaf may employ the tactile system in developing speech; the distinctive unit of code is called a tacheme. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1982 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 86. Author: Green, Barry G.; Craig, James C. Affiliation: Indiana U, Bloomington. Title: Vibrotactile perception of speech-derived stimuli. Source: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 1982, v5 (n1):63-66. 11 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Vibration. Tactual Perception. Vowels. Consonants. Speech Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Vibrotactile perception of vowels & consonants, college students, implications for conveying speech information to hearing impaired. Abstract: Investigated the feasibility of conveying speech information to the hearing-impaired via the tactile sense. Several experiments were conducted with college students; spectral representations of recorded CV tokens were used as stimuli. Results from the vowel stimulation task were encouraging: The spectral waveforms of the 8 vowels were learned to levels exceeding 90% correct. Percent correct for the 8 consonants reached no higher than 60%. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1983 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 87. Author: Pickett, J. M. Affiliation: Gallaudet Coll Research Div, Sensory Communication Research Lab. Title: Speech technology and communication for the hearing impaired. Source: Volta Review, 1981 Sep, v83 (n5):301-309. 16 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Technology. Partially Hearing Impaired. Communication Systems. Hearing Aids. Population terms: Human. Key phrase: Speech technology & communication, hearing impaired. Abstract: Contends that speech technology developments have a great potential for widening communication by the deaf. Discussed are speech training aids for visible and tactile speech; speech movement indicators; and electro-auditory implants for facilitating hearing. Speech-computing for the hearing impaired is also explored with respect to artificial speech and speech recognition systems, processing speech of the deaf for intelligibility, computer-modeling of speech production, speech signal enhancement for hearing aids, and computer-processed speech for hearing diagnosis. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1984 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 88. Author: Guard, O.; Graule, A.; Spautz, J. M.; Dumas, R. Affiliation: Hopital General Ctr de Neuropsychologie, Clinique de Neuropsychiatrie, Dijon, France. Title: Anomie fabulante par agnosie visuelle et tactile au cours d'une demence arteriopathique. Etude neuropsychologique. (Fabulant anomia from visual and tactile agnosia in a case of multi-infarct dementia: Neuropsychological study.). Source: Encephale, 1981, v7 (n3):275-291. 21 references. Language: French. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Case Report. Korsakoffs Psychosis. Alexia. Agnosia. Vision Disorders. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Quadranopsia & pure alexia & tactile & visual agnosia, 64 yr old male with Korsakoff's syndrome. Abstract: Presents the case of a 64-yr-old male with Korsakoff's syndrome, right quadranopsia, pure alexia, and tactile and visual agnosia concerning objects, colors, and faces. The Subject showed a WAIS IQ of 78 and a massive deficit on the Wechsler Memory Scale, while conversational speech was normal. (English abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1982 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 89. Author: McKeever, Walter F.; and others. Affiliation: Bowling Green State U. Title: Unimanual tactile anomia consequent to corpus callosotomy: Reduction of anomic deficit under hypnosis. Source: Neuropsychologia, 1981, v19 (n2):179-190. 17 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Corpus Callosum. Neurosurgery. Aphasia. Tactual Stimulation. Hypnotherapy. Case Report. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Hypnosis, reduction of left hand tactile anomia, 28 yr old corpus callosotomy patient. Abstract: Studied unimanual tactile anomia for objects palpated with the left-hand in a 28-yr-old callosotomy patient. Previous assessment of this patient by G. J. Larrabee et al (see PA, Vol 65:11672) and 2 currently reported assessments without inducing hypnosis showed marked anomic deficit. A series of assessments conducted under hypnosis showed substantially improved naming ability, especially in hypnotic sessions suggesting that the Subject did not feel like speaking and that speaking was difficult. Among the possible mediators of this reduction of anomic impairment, such factors as motivational and attentional enhancements, suppression of left-hemisphere interference, and even right-hemisphere speech facilitation under hypnosis are suggested. Results also indicate that an hypothesized right-hemisphere dominance during hypnosis may be accurate and possibly more obvious in callosotomy patients than in normal persons. (French & German abstracts) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1981 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 90. Author: Russell, Elbert W. Affiliation: VA Hosp, Miami, FL. Title: Tactile sensation--an all-or-none effect of cerebral damage. Source: Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1980 Oct, v36 (n4):858-864. 5 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Brain Damage. Tactual Perception. Cognitive Processes. Sensorimotor Measures. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Brain damage, performance on tactile vs cognitive tests, brain damaged Subjects. Abstract: Compared the Von Frey Hair scores of 158 brain-damaged Subjects and 40 normals to scores on a speech perception test, WAIS Block Design, and the Trail-Making Test to examine the distribution of organically affected tactile sensation. Organic impairment produced an all-or-none distribution pattern on the tactile test in that almost all scores fell either within the normal range or in the severely impaired range. By contrast, scores of the cognitive functions formed a graded continuous distribution. Results are related to A. R. Luria's (1973) concept of diminishing modality specificity. The neurological examination evidently is designed to measure all-or-none functions, while the neuropsychological examination is concerned with graded continuous functions. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1981 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 91. Author: Walker, S. F. Affiliation: U London, Birkbeck Coll, England. Title: Lateralization of functions in the vertebrate brain: A review. Source: British Journal of Psychology, 1980 Aug, v71 (n3):329-367. Language: English. Pub type: Literature Review; Review. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Literature Review. Cerebral Dominance. Vocalization. Handedness. Spatial Perception. Animal Emotionality. Tactual Perception. Verbal Communication. Vertebrates. Population terms: Animal. Key phrase: Lateralization of functions in brain, vertebrates, literature review. Abstract: Considers neuro-anatomical similarities between human and other vertebrate brains and reviews data concerning physical asymmetries. The defining features of human lateralization are taken to be right-handedness, as a skewed but continuous distribution of preferences, and a greater involvement of the left hemisphere in species-specific vocalization, with right-hemisphere superiority in spatial perception and emotionality less well-marked characteristics. Rodents, cats, at least one species of marsupial, and macaque monkeys have consistent hand preferences for food reaching. Canaries appear to have left-hemisphere dominance of vocal production. Left and right unilateral hemispheric damage may have appreciably different effects on emotionality in rats, sound localization in cats, and tactile discrimination in monkeys, although the evidence is equivocal. It seems possible that asymmetries of cerebral function are widespread in vertebrates. In particular, left hemisphere dominance of species-specific communication might be common in birds and primates. Left-hemisphere dominance of human speech may be an example of a general vertebrate tendency toward unilateral control of vocalization. (51/2 p ref) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1981 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 92. Author: Sorensen, David; Horii, Yoshiyuki; Leonard, Rebecca. Affiliation: Purdue U, West Lafayette. Title: Effects of laryngeal topical anesthesia on voice fundamental frequency perturbation. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1980 Jun, v23 (n2):274-283. 36 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Anesthesia (Feeling). Sensory Feedback. Speech Pitch. Larynx. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Laryngeal topical anesthesia, fundamental frequency perturbation, normal speaking 28-43 yr old males, implications for tactile & proprioceptive feedback. Abstract: Investigated fundamental frequency perturbation (jitter) during sustained vowel phonations of 5 male 28-43 yr old speakers under topical anesthesia of the larynx. Results show that the average jitter was significantly greater under the anesthesia than normal conditions and that the jitter difference between the 2 conditions was more prominent at high frequency phonations. Implications for tactile and proprioceptive feedback in phonatory frequency control are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1981 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 93. Author: Vicente, Peter; and others. Affiliation: Ohio State U Medical Ctr. Title: The relationship of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery: Preliminary report. Source: Clinical Neuropsychology, 1980, v2 (n3):140-141. 2 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Brain Damage. Test Validity. Neuropsychology. Testing. Diagnosis. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Luria-Nebraska & Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological batteries, intercorrelation of findings, brain damaged & non-brain damaged patients. Abstract: Studied 26 patients with diagnosed brain damage, 26 without brain damage, and 26 for whom data were available but for which no clear diagnosis had been established. Patient results were used to generate intercorrelations between some of the Halstead-Reitan items, the 269 Luria items, and the 14 Luria scales. Halstead-Reitan data were collected on the following subtests: Rhythm, Speech Sounds Perception, Category, Tactile Performance, Trail-making, Finger Tapping, and the Reitan-Klove Sensory Perception Examination. The correlations reported were significant at the .01 with a critical value level above .28. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1981 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 94. Author: Borden, Gloria J. Title: An interpretation of research on feedback interruption in speech. Source: Brain & Language, 1979 May, v7 (n3):307-319. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Sensory Feedback. Experimental Methods. Perceptual Motor Processes. Sensorimotor Measures. Speech Development. Delayed Feedback. Literature Review. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Distortion & interruption of sensory feedback channels, research & studies of motor patterns in speech, literature review. Abstract: Examines the scope of sensory control in the voluntary motor patterns involved in speech by reviewing studies in which the auditory, tactile, and proprioceptive feedback channels have been distorted or interrupted. Open loop control of well-learned speech patterns under normal circumstances is advocated. The concept of internal feedback is introduced as a possible control system of skilled speech, whereas response feedback and external feedback are viewed as necessary for children developing speech or adults learning new speech patterns. (3 p ref) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1980 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 95. Author: Hawes, M. Dixie. Affiliation: Rochester Inst of Technology, National Technical Inst for the Deaf. Title: Tactile perception of stress and intonation. Source: Journal of Auditory Research, 1978 Apr, v18 (n2):141-145. 15 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Speech Characteristics. Speech Perception. Semantics. Inflection. Syntax. Tactual Displays. Intersensory Processes. Meaning. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Modification of sentence meaning through change of intonation & place of stress & syllable length, tactile perception of speech, normally hearing 20-23 yr olds. Abstract: Tactile perception of alteration in sentence meaning due to modification of intonation and stress patterns was determined for 10 normal hearing young adults. Stimuli consisted of sentences varying with respect to syllable length (4-7 syllables), place of stress (initial, medial, or final), or intonation type (rising, steady, or falling). All stimulus items were presented to the fingers by a bc oscillator at 15 db of vibrotactile threshold. Analysis of data using chi square yielded significant results for tactile perception of stress, but scores for perception of intonation were no better than chance. Results show that taction is a viable modality to supplement a deficient auditory mode. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1980 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 96. Author: Junker, K. Stensland; Barr, B.; Maliniemi, S.; Wasz-Hockert, O. Title: BOEL screening: A program for the early detection of communicative disorders: Preliminary reports from a study on 1000 Finnish infants. Source: Audiology, 1978, v17 (n1):51-61. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Perceptual Development. Diagnosis. Speech and Hearing Measures. Audiology. Aurally Handicapped. Infants. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: BOEL screening test, early detection of communicative disorders, 7-9 mo olds, Finland. Abstract: Describes BOEL, a new screening test focusing on the visual, auditory, and tactile behavior of 7-9 mo old infants with regard to their capacity to select attention direction in a meaningful way. A pilot study determined that 7-9 mo is the age at which most infants have the psychomotor maturity to permit an objective judgment of attentive behavior. The child's innate program to follow an interesting signal, grasp it and investigate it with the mouth, turn the head after it, and smile responsively is tested with the help of 2 visual stimuli and 4 sound sources, ranging between 4,000 and 12,500 Hz. BOEL is meant to be used within routine health check-ups. (French summary) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1979 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 97. Author: Barr, B.; Junker, K. Stensland; Svard, M. Affiliation: Karolinska Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden. Title: Early discovery of hearing impairment: A critical evaluation of the BOEL test. Source: Audiology, 1978, v17 (n1):62-67. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Aurally Handicapped. Diagnosis. Audiology. Speech and Hearing Measures. Perceptual Development. Test Validity. Infants. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Early discovery of hearing impairment, critical evaluation of BOEL test, child health centers. Abstract: The BOEL test was originally devised for the early discovery of communication disorders in infants. The sound stimuli employed for hearing testing have been calibrated and standardized, and any deviation from normal hearing responses to these stimuli indicates a hearing impairment. Since 1971 the BOEL screening program has been applied experimentally in a number of child health centers in Stockholm, Sweden. Up to 1975, more than 30,000 infants had been examined, and approximately 5% showed deviations regarding visual, tactile, auditory, motor, mental function, or social contact responses. Results of the audiological follow-up are reported, and hearing defects that were not discovered in the BOEL test are discussed. Application of the BOEL hearing subtest proved very effective. It is pointed out that the BOEL test covers not only hearing defects but also other communication malfunctions, and as such it is a more useful technique than simple hearing screening methods. (French summary) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1979 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 98. Author: Saunders, Frank A.; Hill, William A.; Easley, Theresa A. Affiliation: Smith-Kettlewell Inst, Inst of Medical Sciences, San Francisco, CA. Title: Development of a PLATO-based curriculum for tactile speech recognition. Source: Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 1978-79, v7 (n1):19-27. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Computer Assisted Instruction. Curriculum Development. Tactual Perception. Speech Perception. Communication Systems. Special Education. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Development of PLATO-based curriculum for tactile speech recognition, profoundly deaf children. Abstract: Describes the development of a PLATO-based curriculum that is designed to teach profoundly deaf children to understand speech sounds that are presented as touch patterns on the abdomen. PLATO's auditory disk output is used to "speak" words and phrases, which in turn are converted to touch patterns via a new sensory aid, the teletactor. This aid presents sound information as flowing, dynamic patterns on the skin, which are learned like a new language. The curriculum utilizes PLATO (a) as a computer-assisted language learning system, (b) as a multimedia interactive communication system, and (c) as a computer management system for psycholinguistic experimentation, evaluation, and statistical analysis. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1980 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 99. Author: Telage, Kal M.; Warren, Joseph. Affiliation: Ithaca Coll, School of Allied Health Professions. Title: Spatial summation effects on lingual vibrotactile thresholds. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1977 Jun, v44 (n3, Pt 2):1179-1185. 17 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mechanoreceptors. Verbal Communication. Neurology. Vibrotactile Thresholds. Tongue. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Lingual vibrotactile thresholds, spatial summation effects, implications for neural control mechanisms in speech production, 18-36 yr olds. Abstract: Obtained ascending lingual vibrotactile thresholds at 250 Hz for 4 groups of normal-speaking Subjects aged 18-36 yrs. Contactor areas were varied for each group. Threshold values in microns plotted as a function of the area of vibratory displacement indicated a spatial summation function for the larger contactors (> .02 cm-sup-2). Findings are discussed in terms of the nature of lingual-tactile mechanoreception and possible implications for neural control mechanisms subserving speech production. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1978 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 100. Author: Ruscello, Dennis M.; Lass, Norman J. Affiliation: West Virginia U. Title: Articulation improvement and oral tactile changes in children. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1977 Feb, v44 (n1):155-159. 15 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Articulation (Speech). Tactual Perception. Speech Therapy. School Age Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Speech therapy, articulation improvement & changes in oral tactile perception, 7-9 yr olds. Abstract: To determine whether oral tactile changes accompany improvement in articulation, 16 7-9 yr old children were administered 2 tests of oral tactile perception and 2 tests of articulation competency before, during, and at the end of speech therapy at the end of the school year. A positive relationship between articulation proficiency and oral tactile perception was established. Both articulation tests reflected a progressive improvement for the group across the 3 testing periods. One of the tests of oral tactile perception reflected the same progressive trend and the 2nd test, while not exhibiting the identical trend, did reflect a general improvement from the 1st to the 3rd testing period. These findings indicate that oral tactile skills appear to be important factors in speech production and that such skills should be assessed in case of functional articulation disorders. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1977 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 101. Author: Kramer, Josefine. Title: Wesen, Haufigkeit, Ursachen und Erscheinungsformen der geistigen Behinderung: II. (Nature, frequency, causes, and forms of mental retardation: II.). Source: Vierteljahresschrift fur Heilpadagogik und ihre Nachbargebiete, 1976 Sep, v45 (n3):270-283. 82 references. Language: German. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mentally Retarded. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Learning abilities & training potential, mentally retarded children. Abstract: Discusses learning abilities and training potentials of the mentally retarded with different IQ levels. IQ level alone does not determine performance and ability to learn; other decisive factors are psychic structure of the individual, assistance and training received, life expectancies, and existing organic damages. Also discussed are organically induced affective-social disorders such as epilepsy, as well as athetosis, chorea, ataxia, and hypotonia which make it difficult for the infant to explore his/her environment through the tactile sense, thus increasing the limitations and disadvantages of a mentally retarded child. Speech is also an underdeveloped ability in the mentally retarded and is manifested in stuttering, agrammatism, reduced vocabulary, and a general inability to put thoughts into words. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1983 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 102. DISSERTATION Author: Ben-Zvi, Margalite A. Affiliation: Columbia U, Teachers Coll. Title: The use of taction as a supplementary channel to vision and audition in the speech reception and speech production of hearing impaired children. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1976 Feb, v36 (n8-A):5193. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Stimulation. Speech Perception. Verbal Communication. Speech Characteristics. Partially Hearing Impaired. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Special Education. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Tactile input using vibro-acoustic aid as supplement to visual & auditory signal, speech reception & production, hearing impaired children in aural-oral private school for deaf. 103. DISSERTATION Author: Scott, Brian L. Affiliation: U Waterloo, Canada. Title: Speech perception: A theory and application. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, 1975 Nov, v36 (n5-B):2505. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Pitch (Frequency). Cues. Speech Perception. Deaf. Medical Therapeutic Devices. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Waveform envelope & transitional & invariant cues, phonemic & syllabic & prosodic processing, implications for construction of tactile aid for deaf. 104. Author: Hardcastle, W. J. Affiliation: U Reading, England. Title: Some aspects of speech production under controlled conditions of oral anesthesia and auditory masking. Source: Journal of Phonetics, 1975 Oct, v3 (n4):197-214. 46 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Masking. Auditory Feedback. Articulation (Speech). Sensory Feedback. Anesthesia (Feeling). Tactual Stimulation. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Altered tactile & auditory feedback due to oral anesthesia & auditory masking, speech production as measured by electropalatography & sound spectrography, native speaker of Australian English. Abstract: The effects of oral anesthesia and auditory masking on various aspects of speech articulation in a native speaker of Australian English were objectively quantified by means of electropalatography and sound spectrography. Electropalatography was used to record details of the location and timing of tongue contacts with the palate during speech production under different conditions of sensory deprivation. Results show that changes in speech production caused by altered tactile and auditory feedback included a general "overshooting" of target articulation, manifested primarily by longer duration, greater area of tongue-palate contact, higher fricative frequency, and more fronted place of articulation. There was also some indication that different types of sensory information may play different roles in the ongoing control of speech performance. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1976 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 105. Author: Arnst, Dennis J.; Fucci, Donald J. Affiliation: California State U, Fresno. Title: Vibrotactile sensitivity of the tongue in hearing-impaired subjects. Source: Journal of Auditory Research, 1975 Apr, v15 (n2):115-118. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Vibrotactile Thresholds. Tongue. Deaf. Partially Hearing Impaired. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Lingual vibrotactile sensitivity, normal hearing vs congenitally hearing impaired 16-24 yr olds. Abstract: Vibrotactile thresholds were obtained from the tongues of 20 normal-hearing and 20 hearing-impaired 16-24 yr olds. Thresholds for both groups were lower at 250 than at 100 c/sec, but no significant group differences were found. Results indicate that the lingual tactile feedback mechanism is functionally normal in such hearing-impaired Subjects and could be used to assist the speech rehabilitation process. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1976 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 106. Author: Robb, Jessie. Affiliation: Mt Wilga Rehabilitation Ctr, Hornsby, Australia. Title: Returning the patient to work: An occupational therapy point of view. Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 1975 Jan-Mar, v22 (n1):37-40. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Occupational Therapy. Vocational Rehabilitation. Australia. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Occupational therapy procedures including assessment & rehabilitation, returning to work, patients receiving social security benefits & Subjects whose fees are paid privately, Australia. Abstract: Discusses rehabilitation opportunities that are available at Australian government centers to persons who are receiving social security benefits (unemployment or sickness benefits or invalid pension) and others whose fees are paid privately. Occupational therapy procedures which relate to psychology include assessment and rehabilitation in areas such as manual dexterity, space/shape discrimination, kinesthetic-tactile perception, eye/hand coordination, pattern forming, numerical and alphabetical skills, and survival skills. A key factor in rehabilitation is the team which includes the doctor, nurse, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, vocational counselor, and, where necessary, speech therapist and clinical psychologist. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1977 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 107. Author: Hrbek, Jan; and others. Affiliation: Palacky U Medical Faculty, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia. Title: Acute effect of methaqualone (300 mg), glutethimide (250 mg) and cyclobarbital (200 mg) on verbal associations. Source: Activitas Nervosa Superior, 1975, v17 (n4):238-240. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Drug Effects. Associative Processes. Methaqualone. Hypnotic Drugs. Sedatives. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Methaqualone & glutethimide & cyclobarbital, optic & tactile & acoustic verbal association tasks, college students. Abstract: 16 healthy university student volunteers were tested on 2 optic, 2 tactile, and 2 acoustic tasks after oral administration of methaqualone, glutethimide, or cyclobarbital. Only methaqualone produced a significant impairment in number of repetitions needed to master a given task and in the number of correct responses. This was especially true when artificially conditioned speech connections were established by proprioceptive and acoustic stimuli. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1977 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 108. Author: Schuckers, G. H.; Daniloff, R. G.; Cieszkiewicz-Sciackitano, G.; Thompson, R. P. Affiliation: Indiana U Speech & Hearing Ctr, Bloomington. Title: Children's verbal awareness of articulatory gestures. Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, 1974 Sep, v7 (n3):239-245. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Feedback. Tactual Perception. Articulation (Speech). Memory. Cognitive Development. School Age Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Tactile-proprioceptive feedback, verbal memory for articulatory gestures, misarticulation-free 3rd graders. Abstract: 103 normal, misarticulation-free 3rd-grade children participated in tasks designed to survey verbal awareness of articulatory gestures. The 1st task (production) was designed to elicit information concerning articulatory gestures for 9 phonemes. A 2nd task involved identification of articulatory gestures for the same 9 phonemes during either obturated or nonobturated condition. Results indicate that children have enough awareness of articulation to verbalize it. In addition, they are able to identify articulatory gestures that differentiate varying sound productions in both a production and identification task. Finally, while children performed more poorly under obturated conditions they were able to recall certain sounds. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1977 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 109. Author: Moreau, Vaughn K.; Lass, Norman J. Affiliation: West Virginia U. Title: A correlational study of stimulability, oral form discrimination and auditory discrimination skills in children. Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, 1974 Sep, v7 (n3):269-277. 30 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Discrimination. Tactual Perception. Mouth (Anatomy). Articulation Disorders. Speech Development. Verbal Communication. School Age Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Auditory & oral tactile perceptual abilities, stimulability task performance, 6-9 yr olds with functonal articulatory disorders. Abstract: Investigated the relationship between stimulability, oral form discrimination, and auditory discrimination skills in children. A prognostic speech test, an oral form discrimination task, and the Goldman-Fristoe-Woodcock Test of Auditory Discrimination were administered to 49 6-9 yr olds with functional articulatory disorders. Results indicate that (a) stimulability was significantly correlated with oral form discrimination skills but was not correlated with auditory discrimination abilities. (b) Oral form discrimination was not significantly correlated with auditory discrimination. Implications and suggestions for future investigation of the effect of oral form recognition training on stimulability are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1977 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 110. Author: Kirman, Jacob H. Affiliation: Queens Coll., City U. New York. Title: Tactile perception of computer-derived formant patterns from voiced speech. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1974 Jan, v55 (n1):163-169. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Perception. Tactual Displays. Speech Characteristics. Pronunciation. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile perception of computer-derived formant patterns from voiced speech, college students. Abstract: Describes an experimental arrangement which uses the output of a variety of computer programs to analyze the acoustic speech signal and assign the extracted parameters to a tactile display in a flexible manner. A study with 6 undergraduates investigated the tactile presentation of the frequencies of the 2 lowest formants of vowels and vowel-like speech sounds on a matrix of 15 * 15 point stimulators. Subjects learned 2 pronunciations of 15 words to an average accuracy of 83 and 70%. Generalization tests to unfamiliar pronunciations by the same speaker resulted in an accuracy of 54%, and tests to 3 different speakers yielded a score of 35% correct responses. Analysis of the errors indicates the same phonemic confusions accounted for a large proportion of the errors in all pronunciations, suggesting some specific limitations of this 2-formant tactile display. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1974 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 111. Author: Stratton, William D. Affiliation: Dartmouth Coll., Thayer School of Engineering. Title: Intonation feedback for the deaf through a tactile display. Source: Volta Review, 1974 Jan, v76 (n1):26-35. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tactual Stimulation. Speech Characteristics. Deaf. Feedback. Adolescents. Population terms: Human. Adolescent. Key phrase: Tactile feedback, intonation improvement, deaf 12-16 yr olds. Abstract: Examined the use of tactile feedback for improvement of intonation of hearing-inpaired speakers. 12 deaf Subjects, aged 12-16 yrs, underwent a training program in which they could monitor the fundamental frequency of their voice by means of the location of a mild vibratory stimulus on the hand. After about 6 hrs of training per Subject, a panel of listeners more easily identified intonation patterns in Subjects' speech, and in 1/2 of the cases rated the intonation quality as more pleasing and expressive. The effects of training extended to new phrases as well as those practiced. The most noticeable improvement was shown on phrases with terminal rise (yes/no questions). (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1974 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 112. Author: Danhauer, Jeffrey L.; Appel, Margret A. Affiliation: Bowling Green State U. Title: Uni- and multisensory perception of speech stimuli by normally hearing and hearing impaired individuals. Source: Acta Symbolica, 1974, v5 (n4):23-32. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Aurally Handicapped. Stimulus Presentation Methods. Stimulus Variability. Speech Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Speech stimuli types & presentation modes, uni- & multisensory perception of speech stimuli, hearing-impaired Subjects. Abstract: Investigated the effects of different types of speech stimuli and different modes of presentation. Study 1 indicated that both normally hearing and hearing impaired Subjects relied heavily on their preferred sensory modality. Study 2 revealed perceptual features utilized by normally hearing Subjects in visual, tactile, and visual-tactile input conditions. Primary features were easy to see/hard to see for the visual and visual-tactile modalities and voicing for the tactile modality. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1976 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 113. Author: Zeidenberg, Phillip, et al. Affiliation: New York State Psychiatric Inst., New York. Title: Effect of oral administration of D9 tetrahydrocannabinol on memory, speech, and perception of thermal stimulation: Results with four normal human volunteer subjects: Preliminary report. Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1973 Nov, v14 (n6):549-556. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Tetrahydrocannabinol. Drug Effects. Memory. Speech Characteristics. Temperature Perception. Young Adults. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, memory & speech & perception of thermal stimulation, 25-29 yr olds. Abstract: Reports on tests involving 4 25-29 yr old male volunteers who were recruited from the resident staff of the New York State Psychiatric Institute and received capsules containing 5 mg of pure D9-tetrahydrocannabinol dissolved in sesame oil and matching placebo capsules. Clinical findings in each of the volunteers varied considerably in several respects. The more dramatic effects of the drug-visual, tactile, and temporal distortions; marked depersonalization; body-image distortion; euphoria; difficulty in concentration; giddiness and hilarity-were seen mainly in the 1st 2 hrs after the onset of the drug effect. The spectrum of symptoms varied from Subject to S. It is felt that statistical conclusions cannot be drawn from the small group of Subjects involved in this pilot study. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1974 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 114. Author: Kirman, Jacob H. Affiliation: Queens Coll., City U. New York. Title: Tactile communication of speech: A review and an analysis. Source: Psychological Bulletin, 1973 Jul, v80 (n1):54-74. 93 references. Language: English. Pub type: Literature Review; Review. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Literature Review. Tactual Perception. Speech Perception. Verbal Communication. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile communication of speech, research review. Abstract: Reviews research attempts to present the acoustic speech signal to the skin by means of various electromechanical devices. 2 explanations for the relative failure of these speech-to-tactile transformations are critically examined: a current theory that speech is a special code necessarily incomprehensible to the skin; and evidence that tactile masking effects preclude analysis of a signal as complex as speech by the skin. Both of these explanations are rejected. It is suggested that the displays reviewed failed to provide the stimulus structure necessary for effective tactile perception. The stimulus requirements for perceptual organization by the skin of various levels of linguistic structure are discussed. Suggestions are made for the future development of tactile displays of speech that may be comprehended at rapid rates. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1974 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 115. Author: Gazzaniga, M. S.; Glass, A. Velletri; Sarno, M. T.; Posner, J. B. Affiliation: New York U. Title: Pure word deafness and hemispheric dynamics: A case history. Source: Cortex, 1973 Mar, v9 (n1):136-143. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Brain Lesions. Aphasia. Case Report. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Unilateral brain lesion, pure word deafness, patient. Abstract: Reports a case of a patient with a "word deafness" and no clinical evidence of bilateral brain disease. The effects of a presumed unilateral brain lesion on language functions are examined in a case of "pure word deafness." The Subject was totally impaired in his auditory perception of speech while retaining much written comprehension, spontaneous speech, and writing. As is usually the case, the word deafness was contaminated by some indication of auditory agnosia and some specific aphasic deficits. The Subject's performance on auditory-tactile matching tests provides a striking contrast with the performance of split-brain patients. The right hemisphere in these patients is able to make both a visual-tactile and an auditory-tactile match between word and object. The Subject, on the other hand, was unable to make an auditory-tactile match. A possible explanation for the lack of right hemispheric language function in this case is offered. The damaged left hemisphere may have an interfering effect on the potential linguistic capacity of the nondominant hemisphere. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1974 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 116. Author: Kiorboe, Erik. Title: (Children with minor brain damage: Neurological viewpoints on an educational problem.). Source: Skolepsykologi, 1973, v10 (n6):475-488. Language: Danish. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Psychodiagnosis. Minimal Brain Disorders. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. General terms: Treatment. Key phrase: Neurological diagnosis & symptoms & treatment, children with minimal brain damage. Abstract: Considers diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment indications for children with minimal brain damage or dysfunction. The group is hard to define and the presence of a proper organic lesion uncertain; as etiology is unknown causal therapy is impossible. It is suggested that the diagnostic label should refer to nonexclusive symptom-patterns resembling those from children with defined brain damage; therefore, careful description will direct treatment and prognosis. Neurological symptoms may be "soft" (impaired tactile perception, choreatic spasms and absences or epileptic fits); as muscle-power, coordination, speech, and reflexes are examined other symptoms (vertigo, headache, abnormal EEG or encephalography) may be disclosed. With epileptic children there are secondary neurotic or other reactive patterns which stress the importance of individualized educational programs and information from the specialist team. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1975 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 117. Author: Haviland, Richard T. Affiliation: State U. New York, Buffalo. Title: A stimulus to language development: The institutional environment. Source: Mental Retardation, 1972 Apr, v10 (n2):19-21. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Mental Retardation. Language Development. Visual Perception. Auditory Perception. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Learning. Key phrase: Language development, visual & auditory & tactile-kinesthetic environmental stimuli, institutionalized mental retardates. Abstract: Suggests appropriate visual, auditory, and tactile-kinesthetic stimuli for the development of speech in institutionalized mental retardates, and outlines the role of attendant personnel. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1972 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 118. Author: Klinger, Herbert. Affiliation: City Coll., City U. New York. Title: Esophageal speakers' perceptions of the belch and esophageal voice. Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, 1971 Dec, v4 (n4):266-272. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Verbal Communication. Auditory Perception. Kinesthetic Perception. Speech Disorders. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Differentiation of belch vs. esophageal voice, auditory & tactile-kinesthetic differences, 37-72 yr. old laryngectomized males. Abstract: Surveyed 23 male laryngectomized 37-72 yr. olds to determine whether they perceived differences, in their own productions, between the belch and esophageal voice from an auditory and tactile-kinesthetic standpoint. 21 Subjects did not perceive the belch and esophageal voice as being auditorily similar. All Subjects perceived tactile-kinesthetic differences. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1972 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 119. Author: Fucci, Donald J.; Robertson, John H. Affiliation: Ohio U. Title: "Functional" defective articulation: An oral sensory disturbance. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1971 Dec, v33 (n3, Pt. 1):711-714. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Disorders. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Oral sensory functioning, lingual stereognostic capability test, 12-16 yr. old normals & Subjects with functional defective articulation. Abstract: Evaluated oral sensory functioning by a test for lingual stereognostic capability in 2 groups of 12-16 yr. olds: 10 normal speakers and 10 with "functional" articulation. 20 geometric plastic forms, developed by the National Institute of Dental Research were used to assess perceptual discrimination: eye, finger tip, tongue tip, and tongue blade. In general, larger mean differences were found between the normal and "functional" articulation groups than within them. The groups differed consistently in the general performance levels on the oral stereognostic tasks and in the oral-tactile performance within and between groups. Subjects with "functional" articulation disorders made more and different types of errors than normal speakers. It is suggested that "functional" articulation disorders might be studied in relation to classical therapeutic procedures. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1972 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 120. Author: Madison, Charles L.; Fucci, Donald J. Affiliation: Washington State U. Title: Speech-sound discrimination and tactile-kinesthetic discrimination in reference to speech production. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1971 Dec, v33 (n3, Pt. 1):831-838. 33 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Verbal Communication. Auditory Discrimination. Cutaneous Sense. Verbal Communication. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Articulation, high & low speech-sound & oral stereognostic discrimination, 1st graders. Abstract: Measured speech-sound discrimination, oral stereognostic discrimination, and articulation in 100 1st graders. A significant negative correlation between speech-sound discrimination in oral stereognostic discrimination was established. There was a significant difference in articulation scores between high and low speech-sound discrimination groups. The difference in articulation scores between high and low oral stereognostic groups was not significant. The possiblity that the result of this and other studies could be explained by an age-linked dominant monitoring modality for articulation is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1972 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 121. Author: Little, Elizabeth; Silvester, Joan. Affiliation: Prince Henry Hosp., Little Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Title: Perceptual dysfunction and retraining. Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 1971 Jul, v18 (n3):12-18. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Rehabilitation. Reading Disabilities. Speech Disorders. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Perception. Key phrase: Perceptual dysfunctions, responses to rehabilitation training. Abstract: Defines 8 perceptual dysfunctions, describes how a patient with the specific dysfunction will respond to rehabilitation training, and presents suggestions for such training. The dysfunctions discussed are: (a) disorders of tactile function, (b) disorders of motility, (c) constructional apraxia, (d) Gerstmann's syndrome, (e) disorders of body image, (f) visual defects, (g) disorders of spatial thought, and (h) disorders of language and symbolic thought. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1972 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 122. Author: Snyder, Lynn S. Affiliation: Carmel Guild Hearing & Speech Diagnostic Center, Newark, N.J. Title: Language impairment in children with perceptual-motor dysfunction. Source: American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1971 Mar, v25 (n2):105-108. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Language Development. Auditory Perception. Nervous System Disorders. Childhood Development. Population terms: Human. Child. General terms: Perception. Key phrase: Language acquisition & auditory perception & language differences, children with language & perceptual-motor dysfunction. Abstract: Offers a revised conceptualization of the relationships involved in language acquisition, auditory perception, and language differences with specific regard to the child who has both language and perceptual-motor impairments and the area of interaction between these 2 functions. Research suggests that language acquisition is a generative rather than imitative process and that auditory perception depends largely upon 3 factors: (a) intact temporal perception; (b) intact tactile and kinesthetic perception; and (c) intact memory. The child's comprehension of language spoken to him may be affected by differences in the language or by an impairment in any of the perceptual areas involved. This places stress upon the importance of the diagnostic assessment by the speech pathologist and the occupational therapist of the child with both perceptual-motor and language impairments. This in turn emphasizes the need to communicate with the child at a linguistic level that is meaningful to him. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1971 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 123. Author: Postel, J.; Caillon, N.; Neu, C. Affiliation: Braille Inst., Paris, France. Title: Oral language of the blind child. Source: Revue de Neuropsychiatrie Infantile et d'Hygiene Mentale de l'Enfance, 1971 Jan, v19 (n1-2):21-32. Language: French. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Blind. Language Development. Speech Characteristics. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Speech characteristics & language development, blind children. Abstract: Distinguishes blind children's speech from that of sighted children in 2 ways: at the articulation level disturbances are most frequent because imitation of phonatory movements are missing, particularly those which play a part in facial expression; and at the expression and content level verbalism is found in 50% of blind children. This verbalism decreases in proportion as, during language learning, reliance on concrete tactile examples increases. The importance is noted of affective development, especially the child's early relationship with his mother, whose attitudes regarding the blindness of her child may have a greater influence on his language development than the sensory handicap itself. (German & Spanish summaries) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1973 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 124. Author: Silver, Evril B. Affiliation: U. Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Title: Operant conditioning of speech sounds in an autistic child. Source: South African Journal of Psychology, 1970, v1:3-12. 45 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Behavior Therapy. Autistic Children. Case Report. Mutism. Operant Conditioning. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Operant conditioning of speech sounds, 6.5 yr. old autistic-symbiotic boy with no speech. Abstract: Trained a 6.5-yr-old autistic-symbiotic boy with no speech, manifesting severe self-destructive behavior, to produce speech sounds by operant conditioning. Mild deprivation of reinforcers (sweets and other foods) was sufficient to motivate Subject for the 1-hr sessions, conducted on an outpatient basis. After 139 daily sessions with initial use of tactile cues, Subject could imitate 11 sounds and 20 words. Of these words, 12 could be applied correctly. The parents were able to elicit and practice 4 of these words in the appropriate contexts at home. During a 5-wk course of phenobarbitone, Subject lost all this speech except for 3 sounds and 1 word, despite continuation of training. Contingent reinforcement was shown, during further sessions, to be the essential factor in the learning. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1973 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 125. Author: Byers, Vincent W. Affiliation: Louisiana State U., Medical Center, New Orleans. Title: Speech therapy for the learning disabled child. Source: Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1969 Jul, v2 (n7):363-367. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Therapy. Cutaneous Sense. Auditory Perception. Kinesthetic Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Speech therapy, proprioceptive & tactile & auditory mechanisms, hearing impaired children with learning disabilities. Abstract: Describes 2 functions of the ear: 1 while the individual is talking, the other while he is listening. The understanding of the differences is important for the clinician engaged in speech therapy with the hearing impaired child. A therapy program is outlined, utilizing the proprioceptive and tactile mechanisms as primary source information with the auditory as secondary, for the correction of defective articulatory sounds in hearing impaired children with learning problems. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1971 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 126. Author: Nilo, Ernest R. Affiliation: Ohio State U. Title: Needs of the hearing impaired. Source: American Journal of Nursing, 1969, v69 (n1):114-116. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Diagnosis. Handicapped. Elementary School Students. Preschool Age Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Diagnosis of hearing impairment, behavioral indications in preschool & school-age children, rehabilitative measures & programs. Abstract: Early detection of impaired hearing is necessary due to the important role of hearing in normal development. The following are clues to impairment in the preschool child: (a) greater response to tactile and visual stimuli, (b) increased alertness to visual stimuli, (c) decrease in babbling, (d) delayed speech and language development, and (e) communication of wants through gestures rather than speech. Clues in the school-age child include: (a) requests for repetition of words, (b) irrelevant answers, (c) underachievement, (d) speech deviations, and (e) increased understanding when looking at the speaker. Rehabilitative measures and programs are disussed. "If impairment is diagnosed early, treatment can be directed to either restoring hearing, conserving residual hearing, or developing new perceptual skills." (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1970 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 127. Author: Bel'tyukov, V. I.; Makkaveev, V. A. Affiliation: Inst. of Defectology, Moscow, USSR. Title: Degree of vibration exhibited in vowels. Source: Defektologiya, 1969, v1 (n6):29-36. Language: Undetermined. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Cutaneous Sense. Speech Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Verbal accent perception, tactile-vibrational sensitivity of vowels, deaf. Abstract: Presents results of a study to determine the "real possibilities of utilizing tactile-vibrational sensitivity as a compensatory means for the perception of verbal accent by the deaf." Vowels were distinguishable somewhat better by the degree of vibration exhibited than by the degree of loudness. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1970 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 128. Author: Makkaveev, V. A. Affiliation: Inst. of Defectology, Moscow, USSR. Title: The use of tactile-vibrational sensations in lipreading. Source: Defektologiya, 1969, v1 (n2):44-50. Language: Undetermined. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Special Education. Instructional Media. Apparatus. Deaf. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Tactile-vibrational instruments to teach lipreading to deaf 8th graders. Abstract: 8th graders in a school for the deaf were Subjects in a study of the possibilities of utilizing tactile-vibrational sensitivity in the perception of oral speech (sounds, verbal accent, words) through lipreading. Special equipment was used, designed for individual and group use and consisting of (a) a laryngophone transmitting throat vibrations, (b) a special transmitter registering nostril vibrations, (c) vibrators, and (d) 2 transistor amplifiers. Control experiments showed a great increase in the effectiveness of lipreading when accompanied by the use of the indicated apparatus. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1970 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 129. Author: Meshcheryakov, A. I. Affiliation: Inst. of Defectology, Moscow, USSR. Title: On technical equipment for the blind deaf-mutes. Source: Defektologiya, 1969, v1 (n1):68-73. Language: Undetermined. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Special Education. Instructional Media. Cutaneous Sense. Deaf. Speech Disorders. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Devices to facilitate tactile & vibrational communication with blind deaf-mutes. Abstract: Describes various devices to facilitate tactile and vibrational communication, and their use in communication with and by the blind deaf-mute. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1970 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 130. DISSERTATION Author: Fucci, Donald J. Affiliation: Purdue U. Title: Oral vibro-tactile perception: An evaluation of normal and defective speakers. Source: Dissertation Abstracts, 1969, v29 (n11-B):4420-4421. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Disorders. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Oral vibro-tactile perception, Subjects with functional articulation defects. 131. Author: Weiss, Curtis E. Affiliation: U. Oregon, Medical School. Title: The effects of disrupted linguapalatal taction on articulation. Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, 1969, v2 (n1):14-19. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Feedback. Neurology. Verbal Communication. Verbal Communication. Children. Population terms: Human. Child. Key phrase: Articulation, disrupted linguapalatal taction, 11 yr. olds. Abstract: Assessed the articulatory skills of 8 11 yr. olds before and after selected portal structure taction was disrupted with topical xylocaine. Each Subject produced 8 continuant consonants and 1 vowel in isolation, in words, and in sentences before and after selected portal structure taction was disrupted, and while acoustic recordings were made. 3 speech pathologists served as judges (Js). According to the obtained values the Js were unable to perceive phonetic changes among the Subjects productions after tactile feedback was disrupted. Occasional differences in vocal rate after disrupted taction in some Subjects were heard; however, vocal rate was slower in some Subjects after disrupted taction, but faster in others. It was concluded that linguapalatal taction contributes little helpful afferent information toward maintaining articulation in 11-yr-old children, but that it might have a differential effect on vocal rate. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 132. Author: Blau, Harold; Blau, Harriet. Affiliation: Reading & Tutoring Inst., Jamaica, N.Y. Title: A theory of learning to read. Source: Reading Teacher, 1968 Nov, v22 (n2, 126-129):144. Language: English. Subject: Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Nonvisual-auditory-kinesthetic-tactile teaching method for severely handicapped readers, 8 yr. old boy with visual perception & behavior & motor difficulties. Abstract: Presents an alternate approach to the multisensory visual-auditory-kinesthetic-tactile (VAKT) method for teaching severely handicapped readers. The corollary to the hypotheses that there is: (a) "no interference or short-circuiting from the visual modality or input system in the learning of speech," and (b) "maximum destructive interference from the visual modality or input system in the learning of reading," is that visual input must be blocked off. The nonvisual AKT method is illustrated by a case report of an 8-yr-old boy of normal intelligence, but with difficulties in visual perception, behavior and motor areas. It is felt that there are a number of children, "classified as reluctant or nonlearners, who really suffer from a kind of modality conflict and for whom instruction centering around modality blocking may be required prior to . . . any other program for the amelioration of their difficulties." (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1971 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 133. Author: Ringel, Robert L.; Burk, Kenneth W.; Scott, Cheryl M. Affiliation: Purdue U. Title: Tactile perception: Form discrimination in the mouth. Source: British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 1968 Oct, v3 (n2):150-155. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Disorders. Form and Shape Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Anatomy. Discrimination. Key phrase: Oral form discrimination, mild vs. moderate vs. no speech deficit Subjects. Abstract: 20 undergraduates with no speech defects, 12 with mild articulation deficits, and 15 with moderate deficits, each evaluated orally 65 stimulus form pairs drawn from the pool of plastic geometric forms developed at the National Institute of Dental Research. Findings indicate that normal Subjects made significantly fewer errors than defective Subjects, and the 2 subgroups of defective Subjects differed significantly in their average performance with the mildly defective Subjects making more mistakes. Application of a t test for correlated data shows that the difference in the average number of between- and within-class stimulus pair errors was statistically significant for both normal and defective Subjects and that defective Subjects' errors were distributed in a manner significantly different from that of normals. It is concluded that results support the often hypothesized relation between oral sensory system functioning and articulation skill. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1971 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 134. Author: Goodglass, Harold; Barton, Melvin I.; Kaplan, Edith F. Affiliation: Veterans Administration Hosp., Boston, Mass. Title: Sensory modality and object-naming in aphasia. Source: Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 1968 Sep, v11 (n3):488-496. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Disorders. Olfactory Perception. Cutaneous Sense. Auditory Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Perception. Key phrase: Stimulus presentation & object-naming, tactile & auditory & olfactory vs. visual modalities, aphasics vs. right-brain-injured nonaphasics vs. normals. Abstract: 27 aphasics, 12 right-brain-injured, and 12 normal 33-71 yr. old Subjects were presented with 16 objects for tactile naming, 16 for auditory naming, and 16 for olfactory naming. All objects were also presented for visual naming. Comparison between groups was based on the percentage difference in response latencies between naming by vision and naming by each of the other modalities. Analysis of variance showed no significant differences. The order of increasing difficulty of stimuli was the same for all groups, with aphasics showing consistently larger differences in latency than the other 2 groups. With few exceptions, the aphasics' naming scores were less than 1 standard deviation unit apart in all modalities. It is concluded that a modality nonspecific process intervenes between stimulus presentation and naming. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1971 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 135. Author: Woldring, S. Affiliation: Roswell Park Memorial Inst., Buffalo, N.Y. Title: Breathing patterns during speech in deaf children. Source: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1968, v155 (n1):206-207. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Respiration. Vocalization. Verbal Communication. Deaf. Handicapped. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Breathing patterns during speech, deaf children. Abstract: Observed atactic behavior of phonation muscles in the deaf because auditory feedback is missing. Marked deaf-normal differences in breathing patterns during speech exist. Deaf children are apt to show insufficient ventilation or hyperventilation after speech. This is not due to a defect in the respiratory control mechanism. Deaf children provided with tactile feedback for speech show great improvement in their speech. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1970 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 136. Author: Nelson, Rosemary O.; Evans , Ian M. Affiliation: Belmont Hosp., Surrey, England. Title: The combinations of learning principles and speech therapy techniques in the treatment of non-communicating children. Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines, 1968, v9 (n2):111-124. 19 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Therapy. Speech Disorders. Verbal Communication. Childhood Psychosis. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Learning. Key phrase: Learning principles & speech therapy techniques, treatment of non-communicating children, autistic & educationally subnormal & aphasic Subjects. Abstract: Devised set of visual-tactile cues to aid speech-deficient children in emitting basic sounds of English. This set was incorporated into an operant speech training program in accordance with Skinner's interpretation of speech as verbal behavior. 4 noncommunicating Subjects, 2 autistic, 1 educationally subnormal, 1 with executive aphasia, were treated over a short period (mean number of 40-min sessions was 30); 3 showed measurable improvement, 1 did not. The successes and failures of the program suggest that there should be a greater interaction between traditional speech therapy techniques, the principles of operant conditioning, and other findings from experimental psychology. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 137. Author: Hill, F. J.; McRae, L. P.; McClellan, R. P. Affiliation: U. Arizona. Title: Speech recognition as a function of channel capacity in a discrete set of channels. Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1968, v44 (n1):13-18. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Perception. Recognition (Learning). Speech Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Speech recognition, channel capacity in discrete set of channels. Abstract: Considers several sets of finite frequency band to discrete channels filters. The frequency of each discrete channel was constrained to the fixed center frequency of the corresponding band so as to be directly translatable to the position of a tactile stimulator. Tests were conducted to measure the auditory recognition rate of speech, resynthesized as the sum of these discrete channel signals. From these measurements with different numbers of channels, a representation of recognition rate as a function channel capacity was obtained. It is anticipated that these results will be helpful in the choice of the optimum filtering configuration for test in actual tactile recognition. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 138. Author: Schliesser, Herbert F.; Coleman, Ralph O. Affiliation: U. Nebraska. Title: Effectiveness of Certain Procedures for Alteration of Auditory and Oral Tactile Sensation for Speech. Source: Perceptual + Motor Skills, 1968, v26 (n1):275-281. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Speech Characteristics. Verbal Communication. Speech Development. Auditory Perception. Masking. Mouth (Anatomy). Cutaneous Sense. Tactual Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Auditory Masking + Oral Tactile Sensations. Abstract: ATTEMPTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AUDITORY MASKING AND INTRAORAL ANESTHETICS ON SPEECH BY GIVING CERTAIN MOTOR AND SENSORY TESTS UNDER 4 CONDITIONS TO 5 NORMAL HEARING MALES: (1) AUDITORY MASKING AND ORAL ANESTHESIA, (2) ORAL ANESTHESIA ALONE, (3) AUDITORY MASKING ALONE, AND (4) NORMAL. THESE SAMPLES WERE COMPARED WITH A SAMPLE JUDGED TO BE OF MODERATE DEFECTIVENESS BY CLINICAL STANDARDS. 3 CONCLUSIONS APPEAR JUSTIFIED: (1) SELF-AUDITORY FEEDBACK CAN BE EFFECTIVELY ELIMINATED BY A COMBINATION OF WHITE AND SAWTOOTH NOISE, (2) TACTILE SENSATION CAN BE ELIMINATED FROM THE ORAL CAVITY WITHOUT SIGNIFICANTLY INTERFERING WITH MOTOR INNERVATION, AND (3) SPEECH THAT IS INTELLIGIBLE AND EXHIBITS A DEGREE OF DEFECTIVENESS LESS THAN THAT OF A MODERATE SPEECH PROBLEM CAN BE PRODUCED WITHOUT ORAL TACTILE AND AUDITORY FEEDBACK. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1968 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 139. Author: Siegenthaler, Bruce M.; Bianchi, Patricia A. Affiliation: Pennsylvania State U. Title: Reaction time of jaw movement to auditory and tactile stimulation in children. Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1968, v27 (n2):583-588. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Reaction Time. Audiometry. Cutaneous Sense. Motion Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. General terms: Ability. Key phrase: Jaw movement/reaction time of, auditory & tactile stimulation, 4-11 yr. olds. Abstract: Hypothesized that the development of speech is achieved through auditory and tactile or kinesthetic monitoring and that early in life the auditory channel is the more important while later it becomes secondary. It was assumed that a servosystem operates through its more efficient feedback channel and that 1 evidence of efficiency is RT to stimuli. RTs were obtained by a bite mechanism on 60 4-11 yr. old normal children. Stimuli were a 1000-Hz tone at 88 db. re .0002 dy/cm2 and a 10-gm touch to the lower lip. Biting RT for 6-11 yr. olds is shorter for tactile than for auditory stimulus. For 4- and 5-yr-olds the difference is not significant, but there is a trend toward shorter auditory than tactile RTs. This study supports the important function of tactile feedback in the monitoring of speech, especially beyond about 5 yr. of age. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 140. Author: Tsukerman, I. V. Affiliation: Inst. of Defectology, Moscow, USSR. Title: Application of the Morse code for the exchange of speech information by telephone between deaf persons. Source: Spetsial'naya Shkola, 1968 (n5):57-63. Language: Undetermined. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Deaf. Speech Perception. Cutaneous Sense. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Deaf, use of Morse code in communication by tactile perception. Abstract: Presents an experimentally based discussion of telephonic communication between deaf persons where the dot-and-dash of the Morse code is converted into vibrational signals entailing tactile perception. 11/2-2 hr. weekly practice for 3-4 mo. was sufficient for mastery of the transmission and tactile perception of Morse code signals at a speed of 30 letters/min. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 141. Author: Cohen, Alexander. Affiliation: Bureau of Disease Prevention & Environmental Control, Cincinnati, O. Title: Noise effects on health, productivity, and well-being. Source: Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1968, v30 (n7):910-918. 52 references. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Stimulation. Deaf. Auditory Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Noise level, hearing loss & well-being & annoyance. Abstract: High noise levels injure the receptor cells of the organs of corti. Noise-induced hearing loss is a major health problem in industry. Hearing safeguards are handicapped by disagreement on criteria for safe levels. Noise may also impair other systems which are susceptible to stress, such as speech reception, performance on vigilance tasks, and visual and tactile perception. Effects of noise on well-being, apart from disruption of sleep, depend on psychological factors in response to noise. Noise annoyance varies directly with intensity, pitch, randomness in time, and movement of noise source. Attempts are being made to construct an annoyance index for sounds. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1969 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 142. Author: Rutherford, D. Affiliation: Northwestern U. Title: Auditory-Motor Learning and the Acquisition of Speech. Source: American Journal of Physical Medicine, 1967, v46 (n1):245-251. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Perceptual Motor Learning. Auditory Perception. Speech Characteristics. Speech Development. Verbal Communication. Feedback. Cutaneous Sense. Tactual Perception. Population terms: Human. Adult. Key phrase: Auditory-Motor Learning + Acquisition of Speech, Auditory + Tactile-Proprioceptive Feedback. Abstract: DESCRIBES THE NORMAL PROCESS OF LEARNING TO TALK IN TERMS OF LEARNING MOTOR PATTERNS FOR PHONEMES THROUGH THE ASSOCIATION OF AUDITORY AND TACTILE-PROPRIOCEPTIVE FEEDBACK. (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1968 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved). 143. Author: Feldman, R. Michael; Reger, Scott N. Affiliation: U. Pittsburgh. Title: Relations Among Hearing, Reaction Time, and Age. Source: Journal of Speech + Hearing Research, 1967, v10 (n3):479-495. Language: English. Subject: Thesaurus terms: Auditory Perception. Reaction Time. Age Differences. Population terms: Animal. General terms: Animals. Key phrase: Hearing + Reaction Time + Age, 50-86 Yr. Olds. Abstract: 36 50-86 YR. OLD SUBJECTS WERE GIVEN PURE-TONE AND SPEECH TESTS AND 3 TESTS OF SIMPLE RT TO EVALUATE THE RELATION OF AUDITORY SENSITIVITY AND RT PERFORMANCE TO DISCRIMINATION ABILITY. IMPAIRMENT IN PURE-TONE SENSITIVITY, PRIMARILY FOR HIGH FREQUENCIES, SPEECH RECEPTION THRESHOLD, AND DISCRIMINATION SCORE, AS WELL AS AN INCREASE IN RT WAS FOUND WITH INCREASING AGE. MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSES INDICATED THAT 72% OF THE VARIABILITY IN DISCRIMINATION SCORE COULD BE ACCOUNTED FOR ON THE BASIS OF THE PURE-TONE THRESHOLDS AT 250 AND 1000 HZ. AND TACTILE AND AUDITORY RTS. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT AUDITORY SENSITIVITY PROBLEMS EVIDENCED BY THE AGED MAY BE ACCOUNTED FOR ON THE BASIS OF PERIPHERAL MECHANICAL, SENSORY, AND NEURAL FACTORS, WHILE THE DISCRIMINATION PROBLEM IS A COMPOSITE OF BOTH PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL FACTORS. (26 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Copyright 1968 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved).